Derivation Flashcards
What is reduplication
repeating all or part of the base
Can reduplication be a prefix, suffix or infix?
Yes
Is reduplication language dependent
Yes
Whats the name when the entire word is repeated
Total reduplication
What’s the name when part of the word is repeated
Partial reduplication
is reduplication affix dependent
Yes
What is contrastive focus reduplication?
Expresses prototypical meaning. Total (montreal-montreal)
What expresses irony or disinterest
Echo-reduplication
In echo-reduplication, it is total but initial onset is replaced with what?
[ʃm] (baby-shmaby)
What is conversion
no phonological material is added. assign existing word to another syntactic category.
What is suppletion
replace a morpheme by another one to indicate grammatical contrast.
What is conversion also called
zero-derivation
What does conversion change
syntactic category
Is conversion common in English?
Yes
Give an example of V -> N conversion
to drive -> a long drive
Give an example of N -> V
A dress -> to dress
What are Compound words
A complex word consisting of multiple roots.
What is an endocentric compound
The referent is in the compound
Give an example of endocentric compound
Greenhouse - type of house
Give an example of exocentric compound
Pickpocket
What is an exocentric compound
Referent is not in the compound
What is suppletion
Multiple roots in the same inflectional paradigm
What is clipping
Removing one or more syllables
What is also called truncation
Clipping
What is Hypocoristic
Diminutive form of a name (used for endearment) -pet name
What is blending
Combining 2 words not along morphological boundaries
Can we identify morphemes in the product? (in blending)
No, result is not compositional
What is backformation
creating a new word by removing affix from another word
words that end with which affix are susceptible to backformation
-or, -er
What is Folk etymology
Altering a word to fit an incorrect etymology. Ex: french crevis to english crayfish
Acronym vs initialism
Acronym: formed from initial letters of phrase but pronounced as word (NASA)
Initialism: formed from initial letters and pronounced as individual letters. UFO
What is eponym
Common noun derived from proper noun (people or products)
Examples of eponym
Caesar, diesel, watt, plato, aspirin, jeep, q-tip, heroin
What is iconic
When the relationship between form and meaning is not random
Are most words iconic or not
not
Are onomatopeia iconic or not
Iconic. Relaying auditory information (boom, crack..)
Is iconicity everywhere in sign language?
No, but it’s more common.
What is coinage
Making up a word. (brand names, nerd). Etymology can’t be explained in other way
