pragmatics Flashcards
what are pragmatics
study of how context and prior belief influence our interpretation of a sentence
are pronouns context dependent by definition
yes. new or previously mentioned. refer to element in the conversation. defined by context
What gives us info about the referent
gramatical propreties of the pronoun
context-dependent adjectives. what are scalar adjectives
adjectives that describe a value on a scale. scale depends on the noun/context
What is implicature
derive a meaning of a sentence that is neither entailed nor presupposed.
Can implicature be violated
yes
what is the cooperative principle
discussed in gricean Maxims. speakers and listeners are being cooperative. assume that what is being said is beneficial for the conversation.
Maxim of relevance (apart of gricean maxims)
people don’t violate this. whatever is being said is relevant to the goal of the conversation. provide info related to what we talk. if info appears to be irrelevant we try to think of scenario where it could be relevant. u cant negate an implicature
Maxim of manner
make your contribution as clear as possible; avoid obscurity and ambiguity. be brief and orderly.
Maxim of Quantity
how much is being said. speaker is saying exactly what you need. not omiting or saying too much.
Maxim of quality
Do no say what you think is false and do not say what you lack evidence for
people agree that they are not lying to each other in order to have efficient conversation.
violating the maxims. what do we assume
that maxims are not being violated. apparent violations usually lead to additional implicatures.
is some students submitted their quiz and not all students submitted their quiz is an implicature or an entailment
implicature
Can it be obvious that maxims are violated
yes
what happens when its obvious that maxims are being violated
no amount of implicature can explain why speaker uttered a sentence.
can sound odd/humorous.
speaker not following cooperative principle
