Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RUSVM Nutrition > Swine Nutrition > Flashcards

Swine Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What do you call an intact male pig

A

Boar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do you call and intact female pig

A

Sow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do you call the act of a pig giving birth

A

Farrowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do you call a young intact female that has not had a litter

A

Gilt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do you call a castrated male pig?

A

Barrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Baby pigs are called?

A

Piglets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q 
Who will require the most amount of water? 
Sow who has recently farrowed
Grower-finisher pig
Or 
Nursery pigs
A

Sow who has farrowed -8gal/hd/day

-> more water needed for lactation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Neonates are ______% water and finishing pigs are ___%

A

80; 55

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Water with a high total dissolved solids can cause what in pigs?

A

Diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the second most limiting nutrient in swine nutrition?

A

Lipids (energy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the most expensive ingredient in any animal diet?

A

Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

______________ of the diet determines the level of intake

A

Energy density

High energy diet = reduced intake
High fiber diet = increased intake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where do nursery pigs get most of their energy?

A

From fat and sugars in milk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where do grower pigs get most of their energy

A

Cereal grains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the two basic ingredients of swine food

A 
Corn (energy) 
Soybean meal (protein)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What feedstuffs can be used as an energy source for swine

A 
Cereal grains
Damaged grains
Grain by-product 
Purified sugars (sucrose, lactose)
Fat
Processed food waste
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pig carcasses contains _____% muscle but only ________% is edible protein

A

50, 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many essential amino acids are required to maintain tissues

A

10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the first limiting amino acid in swine?

A

Lysine

Corn is low in lysine but soybean is high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What protein sources can be used in swine nutrition

A

Plant proteins - soybean
Animal proteins
Bacteria
Synthetic amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Baby pigs are often deficient in what mineral?

A

Iron

Esp indooor pigs are not exposed to dirt and do not get iron from milk

Injections can be given IM in the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What mineral deficiency would you suspect if you started seeing parakeratosis and lesions of the food leading to lameness?

A

Zinc

Required for skin and hoof structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the highest mineral needs of swine?

A 
Ca and P 
NaCl 
Iodine 
Iron 
Manganese 
Zinc
24
Q

How do we meet the Ca and P requirements of swine

A

Fed as limestone and oyster shells

25
Q

Can the soybean and grain diet meet the iodine requirements of swine?

A

No requires supplementation

26
Q

What type of vitamins have a short shelf-life and are negatively affected by heat, light, and moisture

A

Fat soluble vitamins

Vit A
Vit D3
Vit E
Vit K

27
Q

What are the water soluble vitamins required by sswine?

A 
Niacin 
Pantothenic acid
Vit B12 
Riboflavin 
Choline 
Biotin 
Folic Acid
28
Q

Vitamin A is required to supplement because corn has low amounts of Vit A and is broken down with processing. What would be a good source of Vit A?

A

Dehydrated alfalfa

29
Q

Vitamin E is required in all lifestages of a pig. What are good sources of this vitamin?

A

Legumes
Hay
Green forage
Cereal grains

30
Q

What supplement is added to newborn diet to prevent hemorrhaging

A

Vitamin K

31
Q

An pot belly pig owner comes to your clinic and is wondering what diet would be best for his pig, he wants to feed the pig solely on table scraps. What would your advice be?

A

Table scraps don’t contain all the necessary nutrients for the pigs - also must be cooked to prevent transfer of disease

Buy commercial formulated pig food-> has all the requirements

32
Q

Why does it cost less to have outdoor pigs?

A

Cost of building
Ventilation
Heating

33
Q

Why do pigs raised outdoors have a higher feed intake?

A

More exercise for outdoor pigs

Some food lost to waste in the ground

34
Q

How should nursery pigs be fed? How is the sow fed

A

Milk diet for 3-4weeks after farrowing

Sow fed ad libitum -> requires good body condition for lactation and a repeat estrus

35
Q

How are pigs weaned?

A

From coming off a milk diet pigs must learn to eat other food products –> milk products can be added to feed

Fed ad libitum
Need high protein

36
Q

The earlier a pig is weaned, the greater the need for ______________________ to minimize post weaning lag

A

Complex diet

37
Q

What is phase feeding?

A

Adjusting the ration several times over the grower-finisher period and the nutritional needs of the hog changes

38
Q

Piglets when born have __________ enzyme that allows them to digest milk, but lack the __________ enzyme and are not able to digest starch

A

Lactase; amylase

39
Q

Grower and finisher rations for pigs are adjusted to?

A

Sex, age, and genetic potential

40
Q

The more dietary phase changes, the (slower/faster) the pig will reach market weight

A

Faster

41
Q

Environmental temperature is important for pig feed intake. At high temp, pigs have a (increased/decreased) feed intake and in cold temp they are (increased/decreased)

A

High temp => decreased feed intake

Low temp=> increased feed intake (metabolism and digestion generate heat)

42
Q

What will cause more heat generation, dietary fiber or fats and oils?

A

Dietary fiber -> more digestion needed to break down

43
Q

T/F: Overfeeding guilts can lead to significantly more leg disorders

A

True

-> 12% of females are culled for this reason

44
Q

It is important to maintain adequate nutrition without over feeding swine. What are some consequences of too much and too little weight gain?

A

Too much

  • dystocia (fat in birth canal)
  • poor feed intake and milk production

Too little

  • instability to sustain lactation
  • delayed return to estrus and rebreeding
45
Q

When does milk production peak

A

Between 15-18days of lactation

46
Q

Piglets with anemia, what may the problem be?

A

Iron deficiency

Sow milk doesn’t contain iron
Indoor pigs are not picking up form first

Cannot make enough hemoglobin

47
Q

Pigs that have a “goose stepping gait” are typical of pigs with what deficiency

A

Vit B

48
Q

Pig with parakeratoisis, abnormal keratinization and formation of horny scales can result from what nutritional imbalances?

A 
Low zinc
High calcium (ties up the availability of zinc)
49
Q

The ratio of Ca to P in the diet should be ________

A

2:1 or 3:1

If Ca is too high -> lower P absorption –> reduced growth and structural soundness (pathological fractures and poor bone calcification)

50
Q

What is the limiting aa in swine?

A

Lysine

51
Q

Supplementation of what has been associated with faster and leaner growth of pigs?

A

Linoleic fatty acid

–> improved gains, reduced back fat, and improved immune system

52
Q

Supplementation of what has show to prolong shelf life of pork meat and improve colour to appeal to consumers

A

Vit E –> antioxidant

53
Q

What enzyme can be supplemented to break down undigestible phytic acid found in grains and oils and helps to release phosphorus and calcium

A

Phytase

54
Q

Why is dietary fiber beneficial to the pig?

A

Selectively stimulates the growth of health-promoting bacteria in GI tract –> improved GI health

55
Q

What are methods of increaseing carcass lean content?

A

Restricted feeding
Porcine somatotropin
Beta agonist (ractopamine)
Transgenic pigs

56
Q

How does porcine somatotropin contribute to lean carcass

A

Growth hormone

57
Q

What B agonist is added to feed and can cause dramatic muscle growth

A

Ractopamine

RUSVM Nutrition (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions