Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RUSVM Nutrition > Canine And Feline Nutrition > Flashcards

Canine And Feline Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What about the dogs oral anatomy makes them suited to an omnivorous diet?

A

Dogs can move mouth side to side (grinding)

Teeth with flat surface

P.S cats do not have the same ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the eating behavior of doggos ??

A

Large infrequent meals
Opportunistic predators and scavengers

Consume herbivore feces
Consume plant matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cats have very little ____________ enzyme which gives them very limited activity to use plant material as energy, therefore they use protein as a main energy source

A

Glucokinase

-> dogs have lots–> omnivorous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T/F: starches are highly digestible by dogs

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the minimum protein requirement for dogs?

A

12% young

4% adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

You should feed puppies puppy/growth foods until they are _______% of adult size, then transition to adult food

A

80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the key nutritional factors for puppies??

A 
Energy density 
Protein 
Fat 
Calcium and phosphorus 
Soluble carbohydrate 
Digestibility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Do different breeds of dogs require different levels of nutrients??

A

We dont know
Marketing

Toy-breeds are susceptible to hypoglycemia –> supply energy dense puppy foods
-> so small, very little body fat-> runs out of liver glycogen

Large breeds have some developmental bone disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What feeding method is best for puppies?

A

Feeding often (3-4small meals a day) with a restricted amount

Free feed–> risk for obesity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Food-limited meal feeding can lead to what condition in puppies?

A

Hypoglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Excessive food/nutrient intake is a risk factor for what in puppies?

A

Obesity

Developmental orthopedic disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What developmental orthopedic disorders are common in large dog breeds and can result from excessive food intake as a puppy?

A 
Inactivity 
Skeletal pain 
Splayed feet
Angular deformity 
Physitis 
Wobblers syndrome 
Osterochondrosis 
Hip dysplasia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What disorder can result due to excess hypercalcemia in the diet of puppies, will this also affect adults?

A

Decrease osteoclast and increase osteoclast activity
Decreased bone remodeling
Decreased bone/cartilage maturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F: In large dog breeds, we want to slow the growth rate down in puppies therefore we restrict their fat intake?

A

True

Restricted meal feeding leads to slower growth –> decreased incidence of developmental orthopedic disease

Animal will still reach full size as an adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the key nutritional factors for feeding obese prone dogs?

A

Protein
Fiber
Antioxidants

Low fat
Ca and P
Na and Cl
Food texture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are non-dietary risk factors that makes a dog obese prone??

A

Breed/genetics
Gender and reproductive status
Age
Sedentary life style

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are key nutritional factors for working/athletic dogs?

A

Energy density
Protein
Fat
Antioxidants

Fiber
Food texture
Ca and P
Na and Cl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the most practical way of increasing energy density of a food for working dogs?

A

Fat

Also increases palatability of the food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What should the dry matter intake be for a working dog?

A

3.5% of ideal body weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the key nutritional factors in reproducing dogs?

A 
Energy density 
Protein 
Fat 
Soluble carbohydrate 
Ca and P
Digestibility

Fiber
Na and Cl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Puppies should gain ___________ g/kg of adult weight/day

A

2-4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Puppies should be weaned at ______weeks

A

6-7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Is free choice feeding recommended for puppies?

A

No not until puppies have reached 80-90% of their adult size

24
Q

Obesity, musculoskeletal, chronic kidney disease, and decrease cognitive function are common health problems seen in what dogs?

A

Older dogs

25
Q

What is the most common form of malnutrition?

A

Obesity

easier to prevent than to treat!

26
Q

T/F: older dogs do not tolerate nutrient excesses

A

True

27
Q

What is the feeding behaviour of a cat?

A

10-20small meals/day
Food consumption based on energy density, not bulk
Taste preferences, odor, and temp

28
Q

T/F: in cats, taste preference increases with increase in food temperature

A

True

29
Q

The minimum protein requirement of a cat is about ???

A

7-8% dry matter

For a dog its only 4% dry matter

30
Q

T/F: cats do not have an indictable enzyme system of hepatic deaminase and transaminase

A

True

31
Q

What amino acid is required in higher amounts in the cat because the cat is unable to synthesize enough ornithine or citrulline in its enterocytes?

A

Arginine

32
Q

What can occur in a cat after a single meal devoid of arginine? How can the cat aquire arginine?

A

Hyperamonemia

Animal protein sources

33
Q

What amino acid in cats is conjugated bile acids

A

Taurine

34
Q

What is responsible for the odor of cat urine

A

Cystine ==> feminine and isovalthine

35
Q

Cystine is a precursor of ________________ which the cat needs in higher amounts to prevent oxidative damage

A

Glutathione

36
Q

How can the cat get its cystine and methionine requirements?

A

Animal tissues

37
Q

Cats can consume ____% of their calories from lipid without any negative effects

A

65

38
Q

What are the essential fatty acids in cats?

A

Linoleic
Arachidonic
Eicosapentanoic acid
Docosahexaenoic acid

39
Q

Can cats have carbohydrates in their diet?

A

Yes.

Slows digestion because they have less amylase –> makes a slower and gradual rise in blood sugar

40
Q

T/F: cats should have high sucrose foods

A

False

Leads to fructosemia and fructosuria

Cats are deficient in adolase–> cannot convert fructose to energy
Also deficient in glucoskinase and cannot process high sugar diets

41
Q

Carbohydrates that are slowly absorbed can be processed by what enzyme and pathway

A

Hexokinase

Gluconeogenesis

42
Q

Cats required 4-5fold of what vitamins?

A

Thiamine (B1), niacin (B3), pyridoxine (B6), and folate (B9)

43
Q

Can cats synthesize their own niacin?

A

No have poor conversion of tryptophan to niacin

Require niacin in their diet

44
Q

What are the most commonly reported mineral abnormalities in cats?

A

Ca and P

45
Q

Kittens should gain ________g/week

A

50-100

46
Q

Growth/lactation cat food should be fed at ____weeks and kittens should be weaned at _____Weeks

A

3; 8-10

47
Q

What changes occur after neutering a cat that makes them obese prone?

A

Decreased resting energy expenditure

Increased food intake due to loss of appetite control (eg lower estrogen levels)

Decreased activity

48
Q

What are the key nutritional factors for obese prone adult cats?

A

Energy density
Fat
Fiber

Protein 
Ca and P 
K 
Na and Cl 
Mg
49
Q

What are the key nutritional factors for reproducing cats

A 
Energy density 
Protein 
Fat 
Ca and P 
Soluble carbohydrate 
Taurine 
Copper

Fiber
K
Na and Cl
Mg

50
Q

T/F: obesity is common in geriatric cats and dogs

A

False

Yes in dogs
No in cats (tend to lose weight)

51
Q

What are potential etiologies for weight loss in older cats?

A

Reduced nutrient intake

Reduced digestive function–> less energy out of fat

Concurrent illnesses

52
Q

___________ vitamin is often deficient in older cats

A

B12 (cobalmin)

53
Q

What are the clinical signs of cobalmin deficiency in cats?

A

Anorexia, weight loss, pica
Wet appearing hair coat
Enteropathy with villous atrophy and fat malabsorption

54
Q

Before the age of 7 cats usually get _________ crystals, but after 7 _________ crystals are usually seen

A

Struvite; Ca oxalate

55
Q

Do you recommend feeding vegetarian or vegan diets for cats.

A

Hell no!

56
Q

If you feed a cat that has soybean meal as a source of arachidonic acid, is this nutritionally sufficient for the cat?

A

Nope.

Cats do not have the enzymes to convert the fatty acids and make them available

RUSVM Nutrition (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions