Energy/prox Analysis Flashcards
What type of nutrient is required only during certain physiological or pathological conditions
Conditionally essential
What is a non essential nutrient
The body can synthesize (not requried from the diet)
T/F: carbohydrates are a conditionally essential nutrient in cats
True
Required during growth, lactation and gestation
What is the most common analysis done for nutritional testing?
Proximate/Guaranteed analysis
What is measured by proximal analysis?
Dry matter Crude protein Crude fat Soluble carbohydrate Crude fiber Ash
T/F: proximate analysis is an accurate measure of food/nutritional testing
False
Crude protein done by proximate analysis is a measure of???
Nitrogen
Can be nitrogen proven or non-protein nitrogen like urea or ammonia which gives faulty protein measures
The nitrogen free extract is a measure of ??
Carbohydrate content
100% - H2O% - CP% - fat% - CF% - ash% = NFE
Is an average nutrient analysis or a proximate analysis more accurate?
Average nutrient analysis
Gross energy - fecal energy = ___________
Metabolizable energy
Digestible energy is made up of what three components?
Metabolizable energy
Urinary energy
Gaseous energy
If a pet food is using Atwater or proximate analysis are they over- or under-estimating the energy content of the food?
Under- estimate!
Calorimetry is a measurement of _______
Heat
What is direct and indirect calorimetry? What is the best method?
Direct -> measure heat dissipated
Indirect –> measure byproducts of metabolism (eg O2 consumption or Co2 production) –> infer heat production mathematically
Indirect is the best method
What is the RER?
Resting energy requirement
-energy used by adult at rest in a thermoneutral environment (not supporting growth/activity/reproduction)
What are the three ways to find RER?
1000 kcal/m^2
70(Wtkg)^0.75
30(Wtkg) + 70
USE IDEAL BODY WEIGHT
To find the DER (daily energy requirement) of an animal, the RER should be multiplied by _________
Maintenance factor
-> varies according to age, sp, repro status, environment, and activity level
What is the compete and balanced diet concept??
Feeding enough food to meet the patients daily energy requirements => supplies all nutrient requirements of the patient
How is the food dose calculated??
Energy requirement (DER) / energy density of food
Eg (938kcal/day) / (350kcal/cup) = 2.68cups/day
What feeding method should you recommend to patients??
Food-restricted meal feeding
-feed a measured amount of food and let the pet eat that freely throughout the day
T/F: owners are more accurate at measuring food when the measuring cup and food bowl are smaller
True
