Energy/prox Analysis

Question 1

What type of nutrient is required only during certain physiological or pathological conditions

Answer 1

Conditionally essential

Question 2

What is a non essential nutrient

Answer 2

The body can synthesize (not requried from the diet)

Question 3

T/F: carbohydrates are a conditionally essential nutrient in cats

Answer 3

True

Required during growth, lactation and gestation

Question 4

What is the most common analysis done for nutritional testing?

Answer 4

Proximate/Guaranteed analysis

Question 5

What is measured by proximal analysis?

Answer 5

Dry matter
Crude protein 
Crude fat 
Soluble carbohydrate 
Crude fiber 
Ash

Question 6

T/F: proximate analysis is an accurate measure of food/nutritional testing

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Crude protein done by proximate analysis is a measure of???

Answer 7

Nitrogen

Can be nitrogen proven or non-protein nitrogen like urea or ammonia which gives faulty protein measures

Question 8

The nitrogen free extract is a measure of ??

Answer 8

Carbohydrate content

100% - H2O% - CP% - fat% - CF% - ash% = NFE

Question 9

Is an average nutrient analysis or a proximate analysis more accurate?

Answer 9

Average nutrient analysis

Question 10

Gross energy - fecal energy = ___________

Answer 10

Metabolizable energy

Question 11

Digestible energy is made up of what three components?

Answer 11

Metabolizable energy
Urinary energy
Gaseous energy

Question 12

If a pet food is using Atwater or proximate analysis are they over- or under-estimating the energy content of the food?

Answer 12

Under- estimate!

Question 13

Calorimetry is a measurement of _______

Answer 13

Heat

Question 14

What is direct and indirect calorimetry? What is the best method?

Answer 14

Direct -> measure heat dissipated

Indirect –> measure byproducts of metabolism (eg O2 consumption or Co2 production) –> infer heat production mathematically

Indirect is the best method

Question 15

What is the RER?

Answer 15

Resting energy requirement

-energy used by adult at rest in a thermoneutral environment (not supporting growth/activity/reproduction)

Question 16

What are the three ways to find RER?

Answer 16

1000 kcal/m^2

70(Wtkg)^0.75

30(Wtkg) + 70

USE IDEAL BODY WEIGHT

Question 17

To find the DER (daily energy requirement) of an animal, the RER should be multiplied by _________

Answer 17

Maintenance factor

-> varies according to age, sp, repro status, environment, and activity level

Question 18

What is the compete and balanced diet concept??

Answer 18

Feeding enough food to meet the patients daily energy requirements => supplies all nutrient requirements of the patient

Question 19

How is the food dose calculated??

Answer 19

Energy requirement (DER) / energy density of food

Eg (938kcal/day) / (350kcal/cup) = 2.68cups/day

Question 20

What feeding method should you recommend to patients??

Answer 20

Food-restricted meal feeding

-feed a measured amount of food and let the pet eat that freely throughout the day

Question 21

T/F: owners are more accurate at measuring food when the measuring cup and food bowl are smaller

Answer 21

True