Susie Chapter 5 Flashcards
this two types of receptors adapt quickly and so respond best to rapidly changing indentations (sense of vibration and flutter).
Pacinian and Meissner corpuscles
this type of receptor responds well to a sustained indentation of the skin (sense of pressure).
merkel’s disk
this type of receptor respond to slowly changing indentations. (intermediate)
Ruffini endings
this is the area of skin over which each individual receptor responds
receptive field
once a receptive field detects a stimulus, the receptors in turn send impulses along the sensory nerves that enter which part of the spinal cord?
dorsal roots
true or false.
the axons connecting touch receptors to the spinal cord are myelinated.
true
this type of endings detect cold, warmth, and pain, and transmit them slowly.
free nerve endings
before entering into the somatosensory cortex, the two relay stations are located in…
medulla and thalamus
the image of a person drawn across the surface of the somatosensory cortex in proportion to the number of receptors, the distorted ‘map’ of the body is called…
homunculus
the term that describes the map of the body in the somatosensory area can vary with experience is called…
ex. string players have enlarged cortical representation of the finger of the left hand.
cortical plasticity
a relatively fast myelinated peripheral afferent fibres that deals with the localisation of pain is called…
AΔ fibres
a very fine, slow, non-myelinated peripheral afferent fibres that is responsible for the emotional aspect of pain is called…
C fibres
the pathway that starts from a region of the spinal cord up to several areas in the brainstem and cortex including anterior cingulate and the insular is called
ascending pathway
this pathway modulates nociceptive input.
descending pain pathway
this is a modulatory mechanism released under conditions of likely injury, such as soldiers in battle, pain sensation is suppressed to a degree.
endogenous analgesics
the action of discriminating fine differences in texture, such as between different fabrics or grades of sandpaper is called…
active exploration
Nerves in parts of your spinal cord and brain “rewire” when they lose signals from the missing arm or leg. As a result, they send pain signals, a typical response when your body senses something is wrong. this is called…
phantom pain
these 2 areas in the pathway detect the unpleasant feeling of pain.
anterior cingulate cortex and insular cortex
this area is activated when there are changes in experienced pain intensity.
somatosensory cortex
traditional chinese medicine that uses a procedure (needles inserted into the skin at the meridians area, and are rotated by the person treating the patient) for the relief of pain is called…
acupuncture
this phenomenon is a lowering of the pain threshold, an increase in the intensity of pain, and sometimes both a broadening of the area over which pain is felt or even pain in the absence of noxious stimulation.
hyperalgesia
where is the somatosensory cortex found?
post central gyrus (most anterior part of parietal lobe)
name an endorphin that acts on the same receptors as morphine.
met-enkephalin
which 2 parts of the brain contain a representation of the body called a homunculus?
sensory cortex, motor cortex
name the two types of endorphins that may be released by acupuncture.
met-enkephalin, dynorphins
