Susie Chapter 12 Flashcards
true or false
stress only happens in human
fase
stress affects all organisms
this protein guides damaged proteins to where they can be repaired or degraded, thus protecting cells from toxicity or dysfunction
heat-shock proteins
the study of __ is the circulation of hormones in the blood are monitored by the brain to enable the body to cope with stress
neuroendocrinology
after receiving stress, this system computes the right response (activates nerves originating from control centres in the brainstem)
sympathetic nervous system
list 3 physiological response to stressful events
sweating, heightened awareness, rapid heart rate, higher blood pressure, feeling of fear, pupil dilated, bladder relaxation, decrease salvation, goosebumps
what does HPA axis stand for?
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
HPA axis consists of which 4 parts?
hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal cortex, hippocampus
what hormone does pituitary gland secete?
adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH)
what hormones does adrenal gland secrete?
cortisol
this hormone raises blood sugar and other metabolic fuels for the muscles and brain, it also helps adrenaline to raise blood pressure
cortisol
which part of the brain has the highest density of cortisol receptors?
hippocampus
the classical curve that shows too much stress is bad
bell-shaped curve
the hippocampus has 2 receptors for cortisol:
low MR and high GR
this cortisol receptor is activated by normally circulating levels of cortisol
low MR
as cortisol levels begin to rise, which receptor is activated?
high GR
in severe __, cortisol is over-produced and hippocampus also shrinks
depression
cortisol levels are __ in unsuccessful than in successful ageing
higher
true or false
individuals who make the greatest responses to stressors are those who get more memory loss and other cognitive disorders
true
this response prepares us to cope with violent stressors, it mobilizes energy and turns off non-essential functions
fight-or-flight response
what part of the brain releases CRF?
hypothalamus
where is adrenal cortex located?
above the kidney
which brain area is activated by cortisol?
amygdala
