Susie Chapter 15 Flashcards
the study of examining bumps on the surface of the skull
phrenology
what does MRI stand for?
magnetic resonance imaging
which scanner does not require radioactive substances?
MRI
this device can help people to see the detailed white matter tracts of fibres that connect brain regions (one type of MRI)
DTI
what does DTI stand for?
diffusion tensor imaging
what does the electrophysiological technique monitor?
changes in membrane potential of activated neurons
what does brain scanner monitor?
changes in energy metabolism in activated neurons
the source of energy for moving ions in and out of the neurons is called
oxidation of glucose
because of __ __, there will be increase in cerebral blood flow in active area
neurovascular link
glucose and oxygen are delivered by…
cerebral circulation
what does PET stand for?
Positron emission tomography
this type of scanner involves injection of radioactive tracers that attached to biological compounds
PET
what particles emitted by nuclear isotope are involved in PET?
gamma particles
what is one disadvantage of PET scanner?
it required injection of radioactive tracers. children and others could not tolerate
Can PET trace blood flow?
yes
what’s the function of PET?
localisation of sensory, motor and cognitive brain functions
the technique that is based on magnetic properties of oxyhaemoglobin and deoxygenated haemoglobin in blood is called…
fMRI
the signal in fMRI is called… (BOLD)
blood-oxygenation-level-dependent
increased neuronal activity lead to __ in deoxygenated haemoglobin and __ in magnetic signal
increase, decrease
changes in blood flow is an index of __ __
neural activity
what measures areas of the brain during different tasks?
event-related fMRI
when working on long term memory tasks, which areas in the brain light up?
prefrontal cortex, precuneus
which area controls the flow of info in the brain?
posterior parietal cortex (PPC)
what’s the name of analysis package that use yellow for the most activity and blue and black for less activity?
statistical parametric mapping (SPM)
when a person watches a constantly changing checkerboard pattern, which area lights up?
primary visual cortex
technique that look at how different brain areas interact is called…
effective connectivity
is the BOLD signal more important than action-potential output in localisation of function?
yes
what’s the name of the researcher who studies relationship between neural activities and signals from scanners?
nikos logothetis
how does fMRI generate image?
radio wave
what brain can ultrasound detect?
baby’s brain
fMRI shows __levels in the blood flowing thru the brain
oxygen
abnormality in brain structures such as tumor is best seen by what device?
MRI scan
