Susie Chapter 15

Question 1

the study of examining bumps on the surface of the skull

Answer 1

phrenology

Question 2

what does MRI stand for?

Answer 2

magnetic resonance imaging

Question 3

which scanner does not require radioactive substances?

Answer 3

MRI

Question 4

this device can help people to see the detailed white matter tracts of fibres that connect brain regions (one type of MRI)

Answer 4

DTI

Question 5

what does DTI stand for?

Answer 5

diffusion tensor imaging

Question 6

what does the electrophysiological technique monitor?

Answer 6

changes in membrane potential of activated neurons

Question 7

what does brain scanner monitor?

Answer 7

changes in energy metabolism in activated neurons

Question 8

the source of energy for moving ions in and out of the neurons is called

Answer 8

oxidation of glucose

Question 9

because of __ __, there will be increase in cerebral blood flow in active area

Answer 9

neurovascular link

Question 10

glucose and oxygen are delivered by…

Answer 10

cerebral circulation

Question 11

what does PET stand for?

Answer 11

Positron emission tomography

Question 12

this type of scanner involves injection of radioactive tracers that attached to biological compounds

Answer 12

PET

Question 13

what particles emitted by nuclear isotope are involved in PET?

Answer 13

gamma particles

Question 14

what is one disadvantage of PET scanner?

Answer 14

it required injection of radioactive tracers. children and others could not tolerate

Question 15

Can PET trace blood flow?

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

what’s the function of PET?

Answer 16

localisation of sensory, motor and cognitive brain functions

Question 17

the technique that is based on magnetic properties of oxyhaemoglobin and deoxygenated haemoglobin in blood is called…

Answer 17

fMRI

Question 18

the signal in fMRI is called… (BOLD)

Answer 18

blood-oxygenation-level-dependent

Question 19

increased neuronal activity lead to __ in deoxygenated haemoglobin and __ in magnetic signal

Answer 19

increase, decrease

Question 20

changes in blood flow is an index of __ __

Answer 20

neural activity

Question 21

what measures areas of the brain during different tasks?

Answer 21

event-related fMRI

Question 22

when working on long term memory tasks, which areas in the brain light up?

Answer 22

prefrontal cortex, precuneus

Question 23

which area controls the flow of info in the brain?

Answer 23

posterior parietal cortex (PPC)

Question 24

what’s the name of analysis package that use yellow for the most activity and blue and black for less activity?

Answer 24

statistical parametric mapping (SPM)

Question 25

when a person watches a constantly changing checkerboard pattern, which area lights up?

Answer 25

primary visual cortex

Question 26

technique that look at how different brain areas interact is called…

Answer 26

effective connectivity

Question 27

is the BOLD signal more important than action-potential output in localisation of function?

Answer 27

yes

Question 28

what’s the name of the researcher who studies relationship between neural activities and signals from scanners?

Answer 28

nikos logothetis

Question 29

how does fMRI generate image?

Answer 29

radio wave

Question 30

what brain can ultrasound detect?

Answer 30

baby’s brain

Question 31

fMRI shows __levels in the blood flowing thru the brain

Answer 31

oxygen

Question 32

abnormality in brain structures such as tumor is best seen by what device?

Answer 32

MRI scan