Susie Chapter 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

the ability of the brain to change is called…

A

plasticity

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2
Q

this principle states that synapses that are active and those that are actively changing are kept while the rest are pruned.

A

use it or lose it

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3
Q

synaptic transmission involves the release of a chemical NT that then activates specific protein molecules called…

A

receptors

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4
Q

the normal electrical response to NT release is a measure of __ __

A

synaptic strength

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5
Q

this is a common amino acid used throughout our bodies to build proteins

A

glutamate

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6
Q

which two ionotropic glutamate receptors are memory molecules?

A

AMPA, NMDA

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7
Q

the synaptic activity at the NMDA causes a large __ and this dispels the __ ions from the NMDA by a process of electrical repulsion.

A

depolarisation, Mg

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8
Q

like AMPA, NMDA conduct __ and __ ions which adds to the depolarisation, they also allow __ ion to enter the neuron

A

Na, K, Ca

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9
Q

larger epsp is a phenomenon of LTP or LTD?

A

LTP

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10
Q

a reduction in the efficiency or number of AMPA receptors can result in …

A

LTD

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11
Q

this person is transformed the study of excitatory transmission in the brain by developing drugs like AP5 that act on specific glutamate receptors

A

Jeffery watkins

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12
Q

glutamatergic synapses work on what kinds of memory specifically?

A

episodic memory

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13
Q

when glutamate kick out Mg in the NMDA, what type of ion enters in?

A

calcium

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14
Q

the amount of NT release results in larger epsp and ipsp

A

LTP

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15
Q

the amount of NT release results in smaller epsp and ipsp

A

LTD

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16
Q

after age 2-4, the elimination of excess synaptic connection is called…

A

synaptic pruning

17
Q

what type of cells are responsible for removing unnecessary connections?

A

glial cells

18
Q

shortage of synaptic connection can result in what disease?

A

schizophrenia

19
Q

excess synaptic connection can result in what 2 diseases?

A

autism, epilepsy (unpredictable seizure)

20
Q

true or false

kids brain recover the same time as adult brain when damaged

A

false

kids brain recover faster than adult brains

21
Q

what type of NM(neuromodulators) primes brain for learning and memory?

A

ACh

22
Q

name one type of NM primes brain related to traumatic events/stress

A

cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine