Susie Chapter 10 Flashcards
the ability of the brain to change is called…
plasticity
this principle states that synapses that are active and those that are actively changing are kept while the rest are pruned.
use it or lose it
synaptic transmission involves the release of a chemical NT that then activates specific protein molecules called…
receptors
the normal electrical response to NT release is a measure of __ __
synaptic strength
this is a common amino acid used throughout our bodies to build proteins
glutamate
which two ionotropic glutamate receptors are memory molecules?
AMPA, NMDA
the synaptic activity at the NMDA causes a large __ and this dispels the __ ions from the NMDA by a process of electrical repulsion.
depolarisation, Mg
like AMPA, NMDA conduct __ and __ ions which adds to the depolarisation, they also allow __ ion to enter the neuron
Na, K, Ca
larger epsp is a phenomenon of LTP or LTD?
LTP
a reduction in the efficiency or number of AMPA receptors can result in …
LTD
this person is transformed the study of excitatory transmission in the brain by developing drugs like AP5 that act on specific glutamate receptors
Jeffery watkins
glutamatergic synapses work on what kinds of memory specifically?
episodic memory
when glutamate kick out Mg in the NMDA, what type of ion enters in?
calcium
the amount of NT release results in larger epsp and ipsp
LTP
the amount of NT release results in smaller epsp and ipsp
LTD
after age 2-4, the elimination of excess synaptic connection is called…
synaptic pruning
what type of cells are responsible for removing unnecessary connections?
glial cells
shortage of synaptic connection can result in what disease?
schizophrenia
excess synaptic connection can result in what 2 diseases?
autism, epilepsy (unpredictable seizure)
true or false
kids brain recover the same time as adult brain when damaged
false
kids brain recover faster than adult brains
what type of NM(neuromodulators) primes brain for learning and memory?
ACh
name one type of NM primes brain related to traumatic events/stress
cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine
