surveillance T13

Question 1

examples of surveillance today

Answer 1

CCTv, automated number plate recognition, databases

Question 2

Fouclalt

Answer 2

• view to rehabilitate
• experts play key role in applying specialist skills to correct behaviour
• disciplinary power replaced sovereign power as surveillance is more effective

Question 3

panopticon prison

Answer 3

guards can see all prisoners, but not other way round = behave as though being watched all the time= surveillance becomes self-surveillance, discipline becomes self discipline = reduces crime

Question 4

disciplinary power

Answer 4

19th century onwards - discipline governs body & mind through surveillance

Question 5

Foucalt - dispersal of discipline

Answer 5

since 19th century institutions have subjected individuals to disciplinary power to induce conformity & self-surveillance (factories, workhouses, schools) = led to prison islands or non-prison based social control practices where institutions exercise surveillance over population

Question 6

evaluation of Foucalt

Answer 6

Gill & LOveday - few burglars/robbers put off by CCTV although it is a form of panopticism

Question 7

Mathiesen

Answer 7

increase in surveillance from below - everybody watches everybody

Question 8

Thompson

Answer 8

politicians fear media surveillance as may uncover damaging information, acts as form of social control

Question 9

public monitoring each other

Answer 9

dash cams, ring doorbells, social media = results in self-surveillance

Question 10

evaluation of synoptic surveillance

Answer 10

McCahill - bottom up scrutiny can’t reverse established ‘hierarchies of surveillance’ - police can confiscate cameras under anti-terrorism laws

Question 11

Haggerty & Ericson - surveillance assemblages

Answer 11

• surveillance ow involves virtual objects combining not physical bodies in physical space. creates virtual copies of people e.g. CCTV uses facial recognition (data double)

Question 12

consumer tracking

Answer 12

• google, Facebook, amazon collect info about lives & choices & controls who sees
• tesco clubcard collects info and can profile lifestyle

Question 13

Feely & Simon

Answer 13

actuarial justice & risk management is a damage limitation strategy using tech and statistical analysis

Question 14

actuarial justice & risk management

Answer 14

• classifies people based on groups to predict likelihood of offending by statistically calculating risks & ‘dangerousness’ e.g insurance calculate likelihood of accidents
• e.g. airport stops based on age, gender, ethnicity etc
• means new ‘technology of power’ emerging

Question 15

evaluation of actuarial justice & risk management

Answer 15

• labelling & SFP
• Norris & Armstrong = ‘massively disproportionate targeting’