globalisation & crime T12

Question 1

globalisation & crime

Answer 1

• emergence of global crime economy
• globalisation and green crime
• globalisation, capitalism and crime
• patterns of criminal organisation

Question 2

Castells

Answer 2

global crime economy or transnational organised crime = over £1trillion a year

Question 3

reason for global crime

Answer 3

• spread of communication technology
• cheap travel
• difficulty in policing
• growth of terrorism

Question 4

examples of global crime

Answer 4

• drugs trade ($400billion a year)
• cyber crime (child porn & identity theft)
• green crime
• international terrorism

Question 5

supply and demand of global crime economy

Answer 5

transnational organised crime is down to demand from West
wouldn’t function without supply of drugs, sex workers etc for the West

Question 6

Example of supply and demand of global crime

Answer 6

Third- World drug-producing countries such as Columbia & Peru have large populations living in poverty.
Drug cultivation requires little investment in technology & commands high prices

Question 7

what percentage of people in Columbia rely on cocaine production for their livelihood?

Answer 7

20%

Question 8

Taylor

Answer 8

• global marketisation/capitalism encouraged people to see themselves as individual consumers, calculating the personal cost of each action & undermining social cohesion
• global media promotes materialistic culture

Question 9

globalisation, capitalism and crime

Answer 9

Taylor
- crimes of the powerful
- crimes of the powerless

Question 10

crimes of the powerless

Answer 10

• capitalisms lack of legitimate job opportunities = turn to crime
• TNCs using manufacturers in low-wage companies = poverty & unemployment in West
• welfare cuts for certain groups (blacks, w/c) = widening inequality
• LA - deindustrialisation led to growth of 15,000 members in drug gangs with killings once a day

Question 11

crimes of the powerful

Answer 11

• deregulation of financial markets = increased opportunities for insider trading (Nick Leeson) and movement of funds without taxation
• working for below min wage or breaking h&s laws (Qatar World Cup migrant worker deaths)

Question 12

positive evaluation of Taylor

Answer 12

links global trends in capitalist economy to changes in the extent and nature/patterns of crime

Question 13

negative evaluation of Taylor

Answer 13

doesn’t explain how changes make people turn to criminality - not all without jobs turn to crime

Question 14

evaluation of global crime economy emergence

Answer 14

too much tendency to focus on negative effect of globalisation. China & India seen as very progressive as has had positive effect on economies

Question 15

Hobbs & Dunningham

Answer 15

glocal organisation

Question 16

glocal organisation

Answer 16

crime is glocal - locally based with flexible opportunistic criminals having global connections. varies from place to place according to local conditions and global influences depend on availability
e.g. drug dealing influenced by suppliers but the form/pattern is shaped by local connections and networks

Question 17

evaluation of glocal organisation

Answer 17

exaggerates change. local criminal networks always existed and power & contra; of larger mafiaa organisations still dominate

Question 18

Glenny

Answer 18

McMafia

Question 19

McMafia

Answer 19

developed to provide protection for Russian Oligarchs buying and selling oil, gas etc for huge profits on deregulated financial markets
Russian mafias able to build links with criminal organisations in other parts of the world