gender representations media

Question 1

female stereotypes

Answer 1

• WAG
• sex object
• supermum
• angel
• ball breaker
• victim

Question 2

Tuchman et al - symbolic annihilation

Answer 2

women’s achievements often not reported or are condemned by mass media

Question 3

examples of symbolic annihilation

Answer 3

• women in news
• sports coverage
• invisibility in mass media

Question 4

women hardly in news

Answer 4

Association of women Journalists - only 18% of stories quote women over 70 countries

Question 5

women sports coverage

Answer 5

Parker et al - 2012 Olympics 4.5% articles covered women. 2013=2.9%
coverage that does exist tends to sexualise and devalue accomplishments

Question 6

invisibility in mass media

Answer 6

Children Now - female characters only 16% in video games. usually stereotyped.
GTA glorifies violence against women

Question 7

cult of femininity

Answer 7

Ferguson - teenage magazines prepared girls for feminised adult roles achieved through family, marriage and care

Question 8

criticism of cult of femininity

Answer 8

Winship - magazines generally play supportive and positive role

Question 9

Wolf - sexual objectification

Answer 9

women assessed in relation to appearance and expected to conform to the ‘beauty ideal’

Question 10

Mulvey - sexual objectification

Answer 10

‘male gaze’
cameras ‘eye up’ females for male pleasure