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Reproduction SOH > Surgical incisions > Flashcards

Surgical incisions Flashcards

1
Q

Vertical midline incision - give an example of a procedure

A

Laparotomy

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2
Q

Suprapubic incision - give 2 examples of procedures

A

Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS)

Hysterectomy

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3
Q

Anterolateral abdominal wall - what are the 3 layers of muscle beneath the fascia

A

External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominus

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4
Q

External oblique - attachments

A

Ribs 5-11, iliac crest, pubic tubercle, linea alba

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5
Q

External oblique - which direction do fibres run?

A

Hands in pockets orientation

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6
Q

Internal oblique - attachments

A

Ribs 10-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, linea alba

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7
Q

Where is the rectus abdominus located?

A

In the midline

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8
Q

Rectus abdominus - attachments

A

Xiphoid process
Costal cartilages
Pubic bones

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9
Q

What is the line alba ?

A

Midline blending of aponeuroses which interlocks and interweaves

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10
Q

The linea alba has minor/major vasculature?

A

Minor vasculature

- won’t bleed much

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11
Q

What is the importance of extra peritoneal fat?

A

Layer of fatty tissue where vessels run

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12
Q

Anterolateral abdominal wall nerve supply

A

7th –> 11th intercostal nerves become thoracoabdominal nerves as they move from lateral –> medial

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13
Q

The anterolateral abdominal wall nerve supply travels in the plane between which 2 muscle groups?

A

Internal oblique and transversus abdominus

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14
Q

What is the name of the nerve at T12

A

Subcostal nerve

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15
Q

What is the name of the nerve at L1

A

Iliohypogastric nerve

Ilioinguinal nerve

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16
Q

Blood supply and venous drainage of anterolateral abdominal wall is located in which layer?

A

Extra peritoneal fat layer

17
Q

Anterior abdominal wall blood supply (2)

A

Inferior epigastric arteries

Superior epigastric arteries

18
Q

Inferior epigastric arteries are a branch of ?

A

External iliac artery

19
Q

Inferior epigastric arteries emerge medial/lateral to the deep inguinal ring ?

A

Medial

20
Q

Superior epigastric arteries are a continuation of what artery ?

A

Internal thoracic artery

21
Q

Lateral abdominal wall blood supply

A

Intercostal arteries

Subcostal arteries

22
Q

What lies immediately deep to superficial fascia?

A

Rectus sheath

23
Q

Incision made above the accurate line

  • anterior rectus sheath contents
  • posterior rectus sheath contents
A

Anterior rectus sheath

  • external oblique
  • anterior leaflet of internal oblique

Posterior rectus sheath

  • posterior leaflet of internal oblique
  • transversus abdominus
24
Q

Incision made below the accurate line

  • anterior rectus sheath contents
  • posterior rectus sheath contents
A

Anterior rectus sheath

  • external oblique
  • internal oblique
  • transversus abdominus
25
Q

Give an example of a surgical incision made below the accurate line?

A

Lower Segment Caesarean Section

26
Q

LSCS incision is made through which layers ?

A 
Skin and fascia 
Anterior rectus sheath 
Rectus abdominus
Trasversalis fascia and peritoneum
RETRACT THE BLADDER 
Uterine wall (thin) 
Amniotic sac
27
Q

Why is a midline incision relatively bloodless?

A

At the line alba there is minimal blood supply

28
Q

What is a downside of the line alba having minimal blood supply?

A

Increased chance of wound healing complications

29
Q

What should you take care to avoid during laparoscopy?

A

Avoid inferior epigastric artery

30
Q

When carrying out a hysterectomy what care must be taken?

A

Differentiate the ureter from the uterine artery

31
Q

Uterine artery and ureter relation - ureter passes superior/inferior to the uterine artery?

A

Inferior

- water under the bridge

32
Q

If the ureter is touched what happens?

A

It shakes

Reproduction SOH (50 decks)

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