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Reproduction SOH > Male infertility > Flashcards

Male infertility Flashcards

1
Q

Definition

A

Failure of sperm to normally fertilise egg

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2
Q

Obstructive causes

A

Cystic fibrosis
- congenital absence of vas deferens

Vasectomy

Infection

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3
Q

Obstructive - FSH and LH levels are high/low/normal?

A

Normal

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4
Q

Obstructive - testosterone levels are high/low/normal?

A

Normal

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5
Q

Obstructive - clinical features - absence of secondary sexual characteristics. True or false?

A

False

- normal secondary sexual characteristics

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6
Q

Non obstructive causes

A 
Congenital 
Iatrogenic: chemo/radiotherapy
Infection: mumps orchitis 
Torsion/trauma 
Tumour 
Chromosomal abnormality 
Endocrine abnormality
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7
Q

Non obstructive - FSH and LH levels are high/low/normal?

A

High

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8
Q

Non obstructive - testosterone levels are high/low/normal?

A

Low

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9
Q

Obstructive - testicular volume is normal. True or false?

A

True

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10
Q

Non-obstructive - testicular volume is normal. True or false?

A

False

- low

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11
Q

Non-obstructive - clinical features - absence of secondary sexual characteristics. True or false?

A

True

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12
Q

Name 6 medications which may have an adverse effect on spermatogenesis?

A 
Alpha blockers
5-alpha-redutase inhibitors 
Radiation
Chemotherapeutic agents 
Sulphasalazine 
Finasteride
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13
Q

What is normal testicular volume?

A

Between 12-25 mL

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14
Q

Investigations

A

Semen analysis
- repeat this 6 weeks later
Endocrine profile
Chromosomal analysis

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15
Q

Management

A

Sex 2-3 times per week

Avoid lubricants that are toxic to sperm

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16
Q

If trying to get pregnant, how much alcohol should he take ?

A

less than 4 units per day

17
Q

Whats the advice on smoking if trying to conceive?

A

No smoking

18
Q

What BMI should you aim to be under?

A

Under 30

19
Q

Can a vasectomy be reversed?

A

Yes

20
Q

What are the risks of reversal of vasectomy?

A

50% are infertile

21
Q

What is cryptorchidism

A

One or both testes are undescended

22
Q

2 of the following 3 features need to be present to diagnose PCOS

A

Anovulation
Polycystic ovaries on US scan
Hyperandrogenism (hirsutism, acne)

Reproduction SOH (50 decks)

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