supplemental vocab

Question 1

electromyograph

Answer 1

records muscle activity/tension

Question 2

electroculograph

Answer 2

records eye movements

Question 3

MDMA

Answer 3

“ecstacy”- amphetamine and hallucinogen together

Question 4

melatonin

Answer 4

key neurochemical for sleep

Question 5

avoidance learning

Answer 5

learning as a result of responses that prevent aversive stimuli from occurring

Question 6

higher-order conditioning

Answer 6

when a CS functions as if it were an UCS

Question 7

instinctive drift

Answer 7

tendency for innate responses to interfere with conditioning processes

Question 8

instrumental learning

Answer 8

operant conditioning

Question 9

anterograde amnesia

Answer 9

memory loss for things that happen after the time of a head injury

Question 10

dual-coding theory

Answer 10

memory is enhanced by forming semantic and visual codes

Question 11

encoding specificity principle

Answer 11

the value of a retrieval cue depends on how well it corresponds to the memory code

Question 12

episodic memory system

Answer 12

time-dated recollections of personal experiences

Question 13

levels-of-processing theory

Answer 13

deeper levels of mental processing result in longer-lasting memory codes

Question 14

reality distributed processing

Answer 14

cognitive processes depend on patterns of activation of neural networks

Question 15

reality monitoring

Answer 15

process of deciding whether our memories are based on external perceptions or internal (imagination)

Question 16

source-monitoring error

Answer 16

when memory is misattributed

Question 17

prosody

Answer 17

the rhythm, pressure and tone of speech

Question 18

deviation IQ Scores

Answer 18

scores that locate subjects precisely within the normal distribution

Question 19

reaction range

Answer 19

genetically determined limits on IQ or other traits

Question 20

reification

Answer 20

giving an abstract concept a name and treating it as if it were a concrete object

Question 21

androgens

Answer 21

gonad hormones in males

Question 22

galvanic skin response

Answer 22

increase in electrical conductivity of skin in response to an increase in sweat gland activity

Question 23

hedonic adaptation

Answer 23

when you change your “baseline” fr determining what is pleasant-unpleasant

Question 24

set-point theory

Answer 24

consumption and energy expenditure

Question 25

vasocongestion

Answer 25

engorgement of blood vessels

Question 26

animism

Answer 26

the belief that all things are living

Question 27

centration

Answer 27

the tendency to focus on just one feature of a problem neglecting other important aspects

Question 28

dishabituation

Answer 28

when a new stimulus increase the strength of a habituated response

Question 29

meta-analysis

Answer 29

combining the statistical results of many studies

Question 30

cephalocaudal trend

Answer 30

head to foot direction of motor development

Question 31

proximodistal trend

Answer 31

center-outward direction of motor development

Question 32

Compensation

Answer 32

efforts to overcome imagined or real inferiorities by developing one's abilities

Question 33

incongruence

Answer 33

the degree of disparity between one's self concept and one one's actual experience

Question 34

phenomenological approach

Answer 34

idea that you have to appreciate a person's subjective experiences to truly understand their behavior

Question 35

approach-approach conflict

Answer 35

conflict involving the choice between 2 attractive goals

Question 36

approach-avoidance conflict

Answer 36

conflict re: whether to pursue a choice (goal) that has both attractive and unattractive aspects

Question 37

constructive coping

Answer 37

the healthy efforts people make to deal with stressful events

Question 38

psychosomatic diseases

Answer 38

actual, physical ailments that are caused at least in part by psychological factors

Question 39

agoraphobia

Answer 39

fear of going out into public place

Question 40

catatonic

Answer 40

unresponsive, from muscular rigidity to random motor activity

Question 41

comorbidity

Answer 41

the coexistence of two or more disorders

Question 42

concordance rate

Answer 42

the percent of twin pairs or other pairs of relatives that have the same disorder

Question 43

conjunction fallacy

Answer 43

error in estimating that odds of 2 events occurring together are greater than the odds of either happening alone

Question 44

conversion disorder

Answer 44

significant loss of physical function with no organic basis

Question 45

cyclothymic disorder

Answer 45

chronic but mild symptoms of bipolar disturbance

Question 46

dissociative fugue

Answer 46

loss of memory of your entire life along with your sense of personal identity

Question 47

dysthymic disorder

Answer 47

chronic depression that is less severe than major depression

Question 48

etiology

Answer 48

the apparent cause and developmental history of an illness

Question 49

hypochondriasis

Answer 49

excessive preoccupation with health concerns and worry

Question 50

somatization

Answer 50

diverse physical complains, psychological origin

Question 51

somatoform

Answer 51

physical ailments with no organic basis

Question 52

asperger syndrome

Answer 52

a less severe form of autism; impairment in social/emotional interactions

Question 53

deinstitutionalization

Answer 53

transferring the treatment of the mentally ill from inpatient to community based care

Question 54

lithium

Answer 54

drug used to control mood swings in bipolar disordered patients

Question 55

regression towards mean

Answer 55

when people who score very high/low for a trait are retested and their new score comes closer to the average

Question 56

spontaneous remission

Answer 56

recovery from a disorder marked by chronic tremors/involuntary movements

Question 57

tardive dyskinesia

Answer 57

neurological disorder marked by chronic tremors/involuntary movements

Question 58

gestalt therapy

Answer 58

combines physical and mental therapy; become aware and take responsibility for tensions between mind and body

Question 59

Ascending Reticular Activating System

Answer 59

afferent fibers that influence physiological arousal