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Junior Year > Developmental Psych > Flashcards

Developmental Psych Flashcards

0
Q

Insecure attachment

A

infant cannot be calmed after separation

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1
Q

Secure Attachment

A

infant seeks proximity and contact

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2
Q

Authoritarian

A

impose rules, expect obedience

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3
Q

Permissive

A

make few demands, use little punishement, give into children

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4
Q

Authoritative

A

demanding and responsive

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5
Q

Kohlberg’s Stages

A

Theory of Moral Development (Sense of right/wrong)
Pre-Conventional Level:
Stage 1: Avoid Punishment
Stage 2: Further own interests
Conventional Level:
Stage 3: Expectations of others
Stage 4: “Doing one’s duty”
Post-Conventional Level:
Stage 5: Rules are relative but generally needed
Stage 6: universal Ethical Principles (Greater Good)

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6
Q

Sensorimotor period

A

infant’s intelligence is wrapped up in sensations and actions
their thinking is limited to here and now
up to about 8 months, when an object passes out of an infants sight, they believe it has ceased to exist. over the next several months, they begin to develop object permanence (the notion that things continue to exist when they are out of sight)

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7
Q

Pre-operational period

A

the child makes remarkable gains in memory, language development, and the ability to think with symbolically. However, in this stage there are still limitations that hamper a child’s thinking. The child lacks mental operations that form the basis of adult logic

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8
Q

Concrete Operations

A

can now solve problems that would stump younger children

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9
Q

Formal Operations

A

teens are able to apply mental operations to abstract or hypothetical situations

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10
Q

Erikson’s Stages

A 
infants- trust vs mistrust
toddlers- autonomy vs shame/doubt
young children- initiative vs guilt
older children- industry vs inferiority
adolescents- identity vs role confusion
young adults- intimacy vs isolation
adults- gererativity vs stagnation
elerly- ego integrity vs despair
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11
Q

Assimilation

A

incorporating new experiences into our existing framework

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12
Q

accomodation

A

process of adjusting our old framework

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13
Q

Social Learning Theory

A

children learn gender behaviors from imitation, observation and rewards/punishments

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14
Q

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes

A

chromosomes

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15
Q

a complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosome

A

DNA

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16
Q

the biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes

A

genes

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17
Q

the complete instructions for making an organims, consisting of the genetic material in its chromosomes

A

genome

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18
Q

the principle that among the range of inherited trait variations, those that lead to increased reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations

A

natural selection

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19
Q

a random error in gene replication

A

mutation

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20
Q

the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection

A

evolutionary psychology

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21
Q

the characteristics by which people define male and female

A

gender

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22
Q

the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior

A

behavior genetics

23
Q

every non genetic influence

A

environment

24
Q

twins who develop from a single fertilized egg

A

identical twins

25
Q

twins who develop from separate eggs

A

fraternal twins

26
Q

a person’s characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity

A

temperament

27
Q

the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes

A

heritability

28
Q

the dependence of the effect of one factor on another factor

A

interaction

29
Q

the subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes

A

molecular genetics

30
Q

the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next

A

culture

31
Q

an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior

A

norm

32
Q

the buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies

A

personal space

33
Q

self-replicating ideas, fashions, and innovations passed from person to person

A

memes

34
Q

the sex chromosome found in both men and women

A

X chromosome

35
Q

the sex chromosome found only in males

A

Y Chromosome

36
Q

the most important or the male sex hormones

A

testosterone

37
Q

a set of expectations about a social position

A

role

38
Q

a set of expected behaviors for males and females

A

gender role

39
Q

ones sense of being male or female

A

gender identity

40
Q

the acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role

A

gender typing

41
Q

the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished

A

social learning theory

42
Q

the theory that children learn from their cultures a concept of what it means to be male and female

A

gender schema theory

43
Q

a branch of psychology that studies phycial, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span

A

developmental psychology

44
Q

the fertilized egg

A

zygote

45
Q

the developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month

A

embryo

46
Q

the developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth

A

fetus

47
Q

agents that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm

A

teratogens

48
Q

physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by a pregnant women drinking

A

fetal alcohol syndrome

49
Q

a baby’s tendency, when touched on the cheek, to open the mouth and search for the nipple

A

rooting reflex

50
Q

biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience

A

maturaiton

51
Q

a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

A

schema

52
Q

interpreting one’s new experience in terms of one’s existing schemas

A

assimilation

53
Q

adapting one’s current understanding to incorporate new information

A

accommodation

54
Q

all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

A

cognition

55
Q

the principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects

A

conservation

Junior Year (37 decks)

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