psychology test Flashcards
psychosurgery
surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior
electroconvulsive therapy
a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of anesthetized patient
lithium
a chemical that provides an effective drug therapy for the mood swings of bipolar disorder
psychopharmacology
study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior
meta-analysis
a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies
family therapy
therapy that treats the family as a system
cognitive-behavior therapy
a popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior therapy
cognitive therapy
therapy that teachers people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting
token economy
an operant conditioning procedure that rewards desires behavior
aversive conditioning
a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior
systematic desensitization
a type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety triggering stimuli
exposure therapies
behavioral techniques that treat anxieties by exposing people to thing they fear and avoid
counter conditioning
a behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors
behavior therapy
therapy that applies learning principles to the eliminated of unwanted behaviors
active listening
empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies
client-centered therapy
a humanistic therapy in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients growth
transference
the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships
interpretation
the analyst’s noting supposed dream meaning, resistances, and other significant behaviors in order to promote insights
resistance
the blocking from consciousness of anxiety laden material
psychoanalysis
freud’s therapeutic technique
eclectic approach
an approach to psychotherapy that depending on the clients problems uses techniques from various forms of therapy
psychotherapy
an emotionally charged confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties
antisocial personality disorder
a personality disorder in which the person exhibits a lack or conscience for wrongdoing
personality disorders
psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning
delusions
false beliefs, often of persuasion or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders
schizophrenia
a group of severe disorders characterized by disorders and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptiuons, and inappropriate emotions, and actions
dissociative identity disorder
a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities
dissociative disorders
disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings
bipolar
a mood disorder in which the person alternates between depression and mania
manic episode
a mood disorder market by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state
major depressive disorder
a mood disorder in which a person for no apparent reason, experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities
mood disorders
psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes
obsessive-compulsive disorder
an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and actions
phobia
an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation
panic disorder
an anxiety disorder market by a minutes long episode of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, chkoing, or other frightening sensations
generalized anxiety disorder
an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal
anxiety disorders
psychological disorders characterized by distressing persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
psychotic disorder
a psychological disorder in which a person loses contact with reality, experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions
neurotic disorder
a psychological disorder that is usually distressing but that allows one to think rationally and function socially
DSM IV
the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
bio-psycho-social perspective
a contemporary perspective which assumes that biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors combine and interact to produce psychological disorders
medical model
the concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed treated and in most cases cured
psychological disorder
a harmful dysfunction in which behavior is judged to be atypical disturbing, maladabtive, and unjustifiable
lobotom
a now-rare psychological procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients
What is generalized anxiety disorder?
continually tense, apprehensive in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal
What is antisocial personality disorder?
disregard for rights of others
What is borderline personality disorder?
instability of mood and chaotic interpersonal relationships
What is narcissistic personality disorder?
grandiosity, need for adiration. lack empathy
What is histrionic personality disorder?
excessively emotional and attention seeking
What is paranoid personality disorder?
pervasive susiciousness
schizoid
detachment socially
schzotypal
eccentric- social withdrawal
psychoanalysis
gaining insight into the unconscious origins of their disorderss
humanistic
clients current feelings on their taking responsibility for own growth and self fulfillment
behavior
use learning principles to eliminate unwanted behavior replace problem behaviors with constructive one
cognitive
teach new, more constructive ways of thinking which will then effect feelings
biomedical
using drugs
ecectic
using multiple approaches together
