Sui, Tang, And Song Dynasties Flashcards
220-589
Civil wars/era of division
589-618
Sui dynasty
618-907
Tang Dynasty
960-1279
Song Dynasty
The time of the Sang and the Song are considered a ———-
Golden age
1279-1368
Mongol (Yuan) dynasty
Sui dynasty achievements
Reunification of China
The Grand Canal
The Grand Canal
Canal links Yellow and Yangtze River, north to south (since Yellow and Yangtze run East to West)
Makes it easier to ship food
Thousands of peasants died building it
Tang Dynasty achievements
Steel Porcelain Gunpowder Wood block printing Books Astronomical tools Compass Clocks
Song Dynasty achievements
Paper currency
Abacus
Sui emperor’s first big project
Invade Korea
Tai Tsung’s two major projects
Land reforms
Standardized tests
Five Confucian classics
What the bureaucrats and people in government study
Chinese Latin Festival
Lanterns are hung in the streets.
Solving riddles written on lanterns is a popular activity. This riddling became popular during the Song Dynasty
Scholar gentry
A new landed gentry devoted to Confucian learning; the people who staffed the bureaucracy
Dowry
Money the wife’s family pays the husband to marry her
Why is the exam brought back?
Recruit for bureaucracy, provide leadership for provinces, strengthen Confucian ideals, to get power for themselves/take it from aristocrats
Impact of the exam?
Ensures bureaucrats are Confucian, also approved by the state, entire class of people do what they can to act like Confucians
Before Tang/Song?
People divided into very and very poor
After the Tang/Song?
Broader mix of smaller landowners, free peasants, small farmers
Buddhism thrived in the time before the —- and —-. Many pre Tang rulers were ——- ——–
Sui and Tang
Devout Buddhists
New types of Buddhism
Mahayana and Chan Buddhism
Mahayana
Pure land
Chan Buddhism
Zen
Stressed meditation and appreciation of natural beauty
Great appeal to Chinese educated classes
Some early Tang Emperors and Empresses —— Buddhism (Empress Wu r. 690-705 AD) while also promoting education in —————
Patronized
Confucian Classics
Why would Buddhism appeal to the world where civilization collapsed?
Offered comfort
It emphasized meditation, ritual, and talked about rebirth and the next life
The Han Dynasty’s collapse made Confucianism seem ———
Incompetent
Buddhist missionaries…..
Helped people
Stories spread about Buddhist monks having ——–
Magical powers
In the later Tang, Buddhism…
Loses support
Confucians are —— about Buddhism’s success. Their response is called ————-
Jealous
Neolithic Confucianism
Neo Confucianism
A revival of Confucian ideas that focused more on spiritual things
Neo Confucianism stresses
Rank Age Obligation Ritual Class
Tang emperors support ——- to train ———- (——)
Academics
Bureaucrats
The scholar gentry
Highest offices could only be obtained by those who were able to….
Pass exams on the philosophical or legal classics, and Chinese lit
While many bureaucrats won position in the civil service examination, —————— still played a major role in securing office
Birth and family connections
List the Reforms in government made by Shotoku Taishi’s successors. Which country’s system of government was the model for these reforms?
*he was a Yamoto prince (not an emperor, Soga)
Supreme ruler, Japan was split up, new tax system so that all land belonged to the government/taxes paid directly to the gov.
China
How did the samurai and shogun affect the government of early Japan?
Emperor’s power (central) declines, so aristocrats turn to warriors (samurai) for hell. Armies get bigger, aristocrats gain power to fight. Rise of aristocrats led to the rise of samurai led to the shogun(when one family of aristocrats wins fights and takes over)
Samurai
Japan’s warrior class; means “those who serve”
Bushido
“The way of the warrior;” samurai code of ideals,
Shogun
Leader of Japan from the Kamakura Shogunate
Shogunate
Shogun rules; emperor has no real power
Shinto
Animistic religion of Japan, worships “kam” or nature/spirits/gods
Who already lived in Japan when a Korean religious cult arrived?
Ainu
Did the Fujiwara clan adopt Chinese culture?
Yes
Division of land, tang style, emperors Buddhist, Chinese titles, perfect manners, Chinese writing, Chinese style capital
Japan
Wants to have all Tang have, but fail b/c of the aristocrats
Tang’s system
Emperor Divide land Taxes Bureaucracy Scholar gentry
Confucian view of jobs /classes
Scholars
Peasants
Artisans
Merchants
220 AD
Han dynasty ends
