Alexander And The Hellenistic Period Flashcards
Alexander the Great
356-323 BC
King of Macedonia
Conquerer of the known world
Spread Greek language and culture from Egypt to India
Macedonian by birth but preferred Greek culture
Acted Greek
Hellenistic period
323-31 BC- between the death of Alexander the Great and the rise of Rome
Greek culture spread throughout the Mediterranean world
Hellenistic means to imitate the Greeks
Hellenistic means “to ruteey
338 BC
Philip with Alexander leading his left wing cavalry, takes over Greece
336 BC
Philip assassinated, Alexander becomes king
335 BC
Alexander destroys Thebes
332 BC
Besieges and conquers Tyre
331 BC
Alexander takes Egypt; an oracle tells us he’s Zeus’s son
331 BC
Battle of Gaugamela; Alexander defeats Darius III and takes over Persian Empire
326 BC
Hydaspes River; Alexander defeats an Indian king named Porus
326 BC
Alex’s troops refuse to go any further. He turns around after sulking (like his hero Achilles) is his tent for two days
All during Alexander’s conquests, Greek colonists had continued…
Emigrating to the areas he conquered
Maine settlers were
Alexander’s old soldiers
The colonists brought ———– with them
Greek political ideas
Bringing ideas with them helped Alexander because it helps stop —————
Rebellion and invasion
After Alexander died, his empire divided into —– regions
4
Four regions
Macedonia
Pergamum
Egypt
Seleucid Empire
——– stayed in control of the different regions, elected ————-
Greeks
Greek officials
Hellenistic culture
Blending between Greek, Egytian, Indian, and Persian cultures and traditions
————————- move to — and — (primarily to ——) to expand their knowledge
Philosophers, poets, writers, scientists, and mathematician
Asia
Egypt
Alexandria
Scientists conducted research at the ————
Museum in Alexandria
Center of trade on the coast of the Mediterranean (Lighthouse)
Alexandria, Egypt
Alexandria’s library held ——– scrolls
500,000
Population on Alexandria
500,000 people
Lots of different ——- interacted in Alexandria
Cultures
The Macedonian Phalanx
Lines of men marching in formation
Differences from the hoplite phalanx
Smaller shields, longer spears called sarissas (17 feet long)
Better trained, marched faster– many of Alexander’s enemies wound up surrendering because his men would show up days before they were expected
More important than the phalanx is the ——
Cavalry
Pinned
Knock out blows
In other Greek warfare, did the cavalry do much?
No
Hetairoi
Companions
Taken from Macedonian nobility
Elite cavalry
