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World History I > Maurya and Gupta Empires > Flashcards

Maurya and Gupta Empires Flashcards

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0
Q

Dharma

A

The divine law that rules karma; it requires all people to do their duty based on their social status

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1
Q

Hinduism

A

The major Indian religion which grew out of Aryan religious beliefs

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2
Q

Yoga

A

A method of training in Hinduism that leads you to oneness with God

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3
Q

Buddhism

A

A religion introduced in northern India in the 6th century BC by Siddhartha Gautama

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4
Q

Ascetics

A

A person who practices self denial to achieve an understanding of ultimate reality

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5
Q

Nirvana

A

In Buddhism the ultimate reality, the end of the self and a reunion with the Great World Soul

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6
Q

Mauryan Empire

A

323 BC–185 BC

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7
Q

Gupta Empire

A

320 AD–550 AD

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8
Q

Vedic Religion also called

A

Hinduism

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9
Q

Does Hinduism have a single founder of set of beliefs?

A

No

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10
Q

Religion is seen as a way to

A

Liberate the soul from the illusions and pain of everyday life

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11
Q

Goal of a person that believes in Hinduism

A

Your atman (individual soul) rejoins Brahman (god or the over soul)

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12
Q

Brahman has 3 personalities:

A

Brahma (creator)
Vishnu (protector)
Shiva (destroyer)

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13
Q

Trimurti

A

Brahma
Shiva
Vishnu

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14
Q

————— of gods in Hinduism

A

Thousands

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15
Q

Reincarnation

A

The belief that the individual soul is reborn in a different form after death

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16
Q

Samsara

A

The process of these rebirths

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17
Q

Many Indian religions share a belief in

A

Reincarnation

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18
Q

Founder of Buddhism

A

Siddhartha Gautama, a Kshtriya and prince

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19
Q

Key idea of Buddhism

A

All living things suffer; only religious life saves you from suffering

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20
Q

The goal of Buddhism is ———-: ————————-

A

Enlightenment

A state of perfect wisdom

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21
Q

What are the 4 Noble Truths?

A

What Siddhartha understood in his enlightened state

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22
Q

List the 4 Noble Truths of Buddhism

A
  1. All life is suffering
  2. Cause of suffering: people’s selfish desires for temporary, worldly pleasures
  3. End desires to end suffering
  4. Overcome desires and attain enlightenment by following the Eightfold Path
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23
Q

Eightfold Path

A 
Right intention
Right action
Right effort
Right understanding
Right speech
Right livelihood
Right concentration
Right mindfulness
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24
Q

Hindu scriptures

A

The Vedas, the Mahabarta, and the Ramayana

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25
Q

Buddhist Scriptures

A

They’re called SUTRAS (which are discussions or speeches made by the Buddha, written down by his followers)

26
Q

Buddhism and Hinduism both accept the idea of —————

A

Reincarnation

27
Q

B vs H: —– is created and destroyed in a ——

A

World

Cycle

28
Q

Buddhism rejected the ——– and ——

A

Caste system

Polytheism

29
Q

Mauryan Empire united by ———– around 323 BC

A

Chandragupta Maurya

30
Q

M. Kicked —— out of the —– Valley with a powerful military

A

Greeks

Indus

31
Q

M. ———– his people to finance —- (some paid half their income)

A

Heavily taxed

Wars

32
Q

M. ————– government

A

Bureaucratic

33
Q

M. —– provinces headed by a royal ——-

A

4

Prince

34
Q

M. Local ——- for —– and ———

A

Districts
Taxes
Law keeping

35
Q

M, secret —–/—– (think Eyes of king in Persia)

A

Police/spies

36
Q

Asoka is

A

The grandson of Chandragupta

37
Q

Asoka wages — to expand —-

A

War

Power

38
Q

Asoka: Battle of Kalingua

A

100,000 soldiers dead plus unknown number of civilians

39
Q

Asoka converted to ——— –> peace to all beings and nonviolence

A

Buddhism

40
Q

Asoka placed ————-(——) all over the empire urging peace, fairness, and religious tolerance (acceptance of different people)

A

Stone pillars

Edicts

41
Q

Gupta Empire is united by —————-

A

Chandra Gupta

42
Q

Gupta has an emphasis on —————- (as opposed to Asoka/Mauryan)

A

Hindu culture

43
Q

Gupta located in northern —— on the ——— and ———- Rivers

A

India
Indus
Ganges

44
Q

Sandra

A

Chandra’s son

45
Q

Sandra loved —— and ——- but also expanded the ——-

A

Poetry
Music
Empire

46
Q

Chandra Gupta II

A

Expanded trade and the empire

47
Q

Gupta empire is called a ———-because of ——, ————, and ————-

A

Golden empire
Peace
Political efficiency
Economic prosperity

48
Q

Gupta government divided into ———- run by members of ——– (called ———)

A

Provinces
Gupta family
Viceroys

49
Q

Gupta political control ————- and ————-; more —/—-

A

Less centralized
Top down
Power/involvement

50
Q

Maurya: —– tax was chief source of ——-;—– (a tax on almost all items traded) was second big source

A

Land
King’s money
Toll tax

51
Q

Gupta: Gupta family owns —-,——, a lot of —–. They manage —— within India, along with the ——– and benefit from it

A 
Silver 
Gold mines
Land 
Trade 
Silk Road
52
Q

The caste system is the most important ————

A

Element of society

53
Q

A review, top to bottom of society

A

Brahmins
Kshtriyas
Vaisyas
Shudras

54
Q

Can you marry outside of your caste?

A

No

55
Q

Can you change your caste?

A

No

56
Q

Shudras (farmers/peasants) are the ————–

A

Largest group

57
Q

Maurya: people still divided into —–; part of ————–

A

Tribes

Chandragupta

58
Q

Maurya’s achievement is to unite ——– ——— ———into one state

A

Smaller
Warring
Tribal groups

59
Q

Gupta India was a ——- society: families headed by the ——

A

Patriarchal

Oldest male

60
Q

China imports

A 
Buddhism
Cloth
Glass
Spices
Diamonds
Incense
Pepper
Shells
Ivory
Timber
Textiles
61
Q

China exports

A 
Silk
Spices
Teas
Porcelain 
Cloth
Clothing
Jade
62
Q

India imports

A 
Silk
Spices 
Teas
Porcelain
Cloth
Clothing
63
Q

India exports

A 
Ivory
Textiles
Glass
Precious stones
Diamonds
Pepper
Tortoise shells
Incense
Cloth (calico)
Spices
Timber
Buddhism

World History I (37 decks)

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