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Pharmacology 2 > Substance abuse > Flashcards

Substance abuse Flashcards

1
Q

WHat are the five drugs that are commonly misused?

A

Opioids, stimulants, depressants, alcohol, nicotine

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2
Q

WHat drug is used to treat opioid dependence?

A

Methadone

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3
Q

What makes heroin abusable?

A

It causes a breif rush that is followed by a relaxed contented state.

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4
Q

What are the signs and synmptoms of opioid drug withdrawal?

A

Intense desire for thedrug, diaphoresis, insomnia, anxiety

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5
Q

How do we treat opoid drug withdrawal?

A

We medicate the patients with naltrexone, or give them naloxone if there is an overdose

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6
Q

What do stimulants do?

A

They elevate one’s mood, inccrease alertness, and aggressiveness

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7
Q

What are four examples of stimulants?

A

Amphetamines, cocaine, methamphetamine, and methylenedioxymethamphetamine

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8
Q

What is methamphetamine

A

This is a stimulant drug that has a stronger effect than amphetamines, and it comes in a crystallized form

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9
Q

What are depressants used for?

A

Depressants are drugs that are used for the relief of anxiety, irritability, and seizures.

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10
Q

What are the two main pharmacological classes of depressants?

A

Benzodiazepines and barbituaries

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11
Q

What are the two main examples of depressants that are misused?

A

Marihuana, and flunitrazepam

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12
Q

What is the main adverse effect of marihuana use?

A

amotivational syndrome

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13
Q

What is the peak and duration for short-acting depressants?

A

2-4days peak and 4-7 days duration

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14
Q

What is the peak and duration of long acting depressants?

A

4-7 days peak 7-12 days duration

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15
Q

What is the treatment of for depressants withdrawal therapy?

A

Treatment involves tapering the drug over the course of 7-10 days or 10-14 days

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16
Q

What is a systemic use of ethanol(alcohol)?

A

Treatment of methl alcohol and ethylene glycol intoxication. basically treats people who have ingested car antifreeze solutions.

17
Q

What are the effects of chronic alcohol ingestion?

A

Nutritional deficits, especially b vitamins, alcoholic hepatitis, and cardiomyopathy

18
Q

What is used to treat ethanol withdrawal?

A

Benzodiazepines are the main treatment.

19
Q

What is used to treat nicotine withdrawal?

A

Nicotine transdermal pathches, nicotine gum, inhalers, nasal spray

20
Q

What are two drug examples used for the treatment of nicotine withdrawal?

A

Bupropion, and varenciline

21
Q

WHat are the four drugs that are commonly misused?

A

Opioids, stimulants, depressants, alcohol, nicotine, and meth

22
Q

What is the main sign of ethanol withdrawal?

A

Elevated blood pressure, pulse rate and temperature

23
Q

What are the msot dangeous substances in terms of withdrawal?

A

Barbituaries, benzodiazeines, and alcohol

Pharmacology 2 (20 decks)

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