Substance abuse Flashcards
WHat are the five drugs that are commonly misused?
Opioids, stimulants, depressants, alcohol, nicotine
WHat drug is used to treat opioid dependence?
Methadone
What makes heroin abusable?
It causes a breif rush that is followed by a relaxed contented state.
What are the signs and synmptoms of opioid drug withdrawal?
Intense desire for thedrug, diaphoresis, insomnia, anxiety
How do we treat opoid drug withdrawal?
We medicate the patients with naltrexone, or give them naloxone if there is an overdose
What do stimulants do?
They elevate one’s mood, inccrease alertness, and aggressiveness
What are four examples of stimulants?
Amphetamines, cocaine, methamphetamine, and methylenedioxymethamphetamine
What is methamphetamine
This is a stimulant drug that has a stronger effect than amphetamines, and it comes in a crystallized form
What are depressants used for?
Depressants are drugs that are used for the relief of anxiety, irritability, and seizures.
What are the two main pharmacological classes of depressants?
Benzodiazepines and barbituaries
What are the two main examples of depressants that are misused?
Marihuana, and flunitrazepam
What is the main adverse effect of marihuana use?
amotivational syndrome
What is the peak and duration for short-acting depressants?
2-4days peak and 4-7 days duration
What is the peak and duration of long acting depressants?
4-7 days peak 7-12 days duration
What is the treatment of for depressants withdrawal therapy?
Treatment involves tapering the drug over the course of 7-10 days or 10-14 days
What is a systemic use of ethanol(alcohol)?
Treatment of methl alcohol and ethylene glycol intoxication. basically treats people who have ingested car antifreeze solutions.
What are the effects of chronic alcohol ingestion?
Nutritional deficits, especially b vitamins, alcoholic hepatitis, and cardiomyopathy
What is used to treat ethanol withdrawal?
Benzodiazepines are the main treatment.
What is used to treat nicotine withdrawal?
Nicotine transdermal pathches, nicotine gum, inhalers, nasal spray
What are two drug examples used for the treatment of nicotine withdrawal?
Bupropion, and varenciline
WHat are the four drugs that are commonly misused?
Opioids, stimulants, depressants, alcohol, nicotine, and meth
What is the main sign of ethanol withdrawal?
Elevated blood pressure, pulse rate and temperature
What are the msot dangeous substances in terms of withdrawal?
Barbituaries, benzodiazeines, and alcohol
