Antiangina drugs Flashcards
What is angina
Angina is pain from heart that is caused by insufficient oxygenation to the heart muscles
What is difference between ischemia and myocardial infarction?
Ischemia is poor blood supply to the organ while MI is death of cardiac tissue
What are the five types of angina?
Stable angina, unstable angina, variant angina, atypical angina, and microvascular angina
What is stable angina? What type of pattern does it have and does pain go away?
This is angina that happens because the heart is working too hard. It has a regular pattern and goes away after exercise stops
What is unstable angina and what does it place people at risk for?
This is chest pain that has no predicatable pattern and can lead to a heart attack. The risks for this type of angina are heart attacks, cardiac arrest, and cardiac arrythmias
What are the htree types of drugs used to treat angina?
Nitrates and nitrites, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers
What is the overall goal of antiangina drugs?
To increase blood flow to ischemic heart tissue and to reduce the oxygen demand of the heart
What are the three types of nitrates and nitrites?
Intravenous solutions, transdermal patches, and translingual spray
What is the main example of nitrates and nitrites?
Nitroglycerin (rapid and short acting)
What are the main adverse effects of nitrates?
Postural hypotension, tachycardia, headaches
What is a downside to taking nitrates often and how is this combated?
Tolerance can occur if taking nitrates often so nitrate free periods are taken
What are the contraindications for nitrates?
Hypotension, glaucoma, use of ED drugs
What are the two beta-blocker examples used for angina?
Atenolol and metoprolol
What di beta blockers do and how do they help with angina?
They decrease heart rate and decrease the myocardial oxygen demand and increase oxygen that gets to the heart
What are two calcium channel blockers used for angina?
Amlodipine, and diltiazem
How do calcium channel blockers treat angina?
They cause vasodilation which reduces the workload of the heart which helps with myocardial oxygen demand
What is diltiazem used to treat and what type of drug is it?
Angina from hypertension and a fib flutter. It is a calcium channel blocker
What is amlodipine used to treat?
Popular calcium channel blocker used to treat angina and hypertension
What is a significant vital sign to watch out for?
Blood pressure
What should a patient do if they experience angina
Stop moving, and spray nitroglycerin, call 911, if there is no relief take another spray, repeat a maximum of 3 sprays with 5 minute breaks in between until ambulance gets there
What vital sign is important for beta blockers?
Heart rate make sure it doesnt drop below 60
