Diuretic drugs Flashcards
What is the main example of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor?
Acetazolamide
What is the main use for carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
GLAUCOMA
What is the main example of a loop diuretic?
Furosemide
What is the MOA of loop diuretics?
Drugs that act on the ascending loop of Henle to increase rate of diuresis
What is the onset of loop diuretics and how long does it last
It has a rapid onset and lasts 2 hours.
What are the indication for loop diuretics
EDEMA, hypertension, heart failure,
What is the main adverse effect of loop diuretics?
Hypokalemia
What is the most commonly used loop diuretic, and what is used for?
Furosemide is used for edema associated with heart failure and hypertension
What is the main example of an osmotic diuretic?
mannitol
What are the main effects of osmotic diuretics?
Increased glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow, prevents kidney damage, and prevents kidney damage from acute kidney injury
What is the main example of a potassium sparing diuretic?
Spironolactone, SP:sparing
What is the main example of thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics?
Hydrochlorothiazide
Thiazide should not be used when we see what lab values and what range for that value
We do not give thiazide if creatinine clearance is less than 30-50mL/min.
What is the main indication for thiazide-like diuretics?
Hypertension, edema
What electrolyte is important to diuretic drugs?
Patients shoud be taught to eat foods that are high in potassium.
What is a possible toxicity patient may experience while taking a diuretic?
Patients taking digoxin with a diuretic may experience digoxin toxicity
What is something a specific patient group should measure and be aware of when taking diuretics?
diabetic patients should watch their blood glucose as that may be affected by the diuretic drugs.
What is a contraindication for carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
hyponatremia, hypokalemia, kidney or liver dysfunction,
What is the main interaction for carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
We need to watch out for digoxin because carbonic anhydrase inhibitors can caused greater digoxin toxicity if they are taken together.
What is the main sign of digoxin toxicity?
Very slow heart rate
What is the main use of osmotic diuretics
Cerebral edema from intracranial pressure
What is spironolactone able to do related to the heart
It is able to prevent heart remodelling
What are the main thing we are monitoring when giving patients diuretic drugs?
We are mostly monitoring their fluid volume, ELECTROLYTES, especially potassium, and vital signs
What is the most potent diuretic we give for rapid diuresis?
A loop diuretic
