Heart failure drugs Flashcards
What is heart failure?
Heart failure is when the heart is unable to pump blood in sufficient amounts to meet the body’s metabolic needs
What is inotropic, chronotropic and dormotroptic?
The heart’s ability to squeeze is the inotropic effect, chronotropic is the heart rate, and dormotropic is the speed of the electrical impulses.
What are the consequences of HF?
Blood supply is reduced to important organs, impaired kidney filtration, pulmonary edema
What are the five main causes of heart failure?
CAD, hypertension, myocardial infarction, diabetes, and obesity
What are the different classes of heart failure?
Class 1 is no physical activity limitations, class 2 is ordinary physical activity results in fatigue, dyspnea, or other symptoms, class 3 is marked limitations with physical activity, and class 4 is symptoms at rest or with no physical activity.
What lab value relates to heart failure?
Brain naturetic peptide (BNP)
What is a diagnostic tool used to diagnose heart failure?
Echocardiogram
What do inotropic drugs do?
They increase the force of myocardial contraction
What do chronotropic drugs do?
They increase heart rate
What do dromotropic drugs do?
They accelerate cardiac conduction
What drugs are used for early heart failure?
Lisinopril, valsartan, metoprolol
What drug is used for heart failure after early treatment has been done?
Digoxin
What is dobutamine and what is it used for?
It is a positive intropic drug drug used for heart failure
What are the indication of lisinopril?
Hypertension, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction
What is the main ARB used for heart failure?
Valsartan
What is the main beta blocker used for heart failure?
Metoprolol
What do ace inhibitors do to help heart failure?
They cause diuresis which decreases the blood volume and blood return to the heart (preload) which causes decreases workload of the heart
What is important for ARBs related to heart failure?
They are vasodialtors and decrease vascular resistance (afterload)
What drugs prevent ventricular remodelling and hypertrophy?
ARBs and ACE inhibitors
What is phosphodiesterase inhibitors?
It is a drug that inhibits phophodiesterase. It is an inotropic drug and a vasodialtor
WHat is the main drug example of Phosphodiesterase inhibitors?
Milirone
What is the main cardiac glycoside example?
Digoxin
What do cardiac glycosides do?
They increase heart contractility and decrease rate of electrical conduction so it has an inotropic and dormotropic effect
What are the effects of cardiac glycosides?
Positive inotropic effect, negative chronotropic effect, and negative dromotropic effect
What tropic effect does dobutamine illicit?
It is a postivie inotrope
