Subcortical Control Over Eye Movements

Question 1

What did Goldberg and Wurtz (1972) do the second time?

Answer 1

Looked at the response properties of deeper layers of the superior colliculi

Question 2

What do the deeper layers of the superior colliculus do?

Answer 2

Fire at certain eye movements, have a movement field

Question 3

What is an EMG?

Answer 3

Electromyography, measures electrical activity of muscles therefore movement

Question 4

What is and EOG?

Answer 4

Electrooculography, records eye movements

Question 5

What hemisphere would fire when eyes move towards the left side?

Answer 5

The right hemisphere (deep layers of SC)

Question 6

What is a saccade?

Answer 6

A rapid eye movement

Question 7

Which part of the superior colliculus does small eye movements?

Answer 7

Rostral part

Question 8

Which part of the superior colliculus does big eye movements?

Answer 8

Caudal part

Question 9

What type of neurons are in the superior colliculus (visual/motor)?

Answer 9

Some purely motor and some visuomotor (both)

Question 10

What did Pierro and Deseilligny et al. (1991) do?

Answer 10

Looked at one woman with unilateral SC damage on the right, tested reflexive eye movements and she was slower moving contralaterally to damage

Question 11

What is reflexive orientating?

Answer 11

See something in peripheral and turn towards so foveate

Question 12

What are exogenous eye movements?

Answer 12

Reflexive eye movements

Question 13

What are endogenous eye movements?

Answer 13

Voluntary eye movements

Question 14

What are fixation cells?

Answer 14

Active when fixating on something, keep image fixed on fovea and steady

Question 15

What is the opponent process to fixation?

Answer 15

Reflexive saccades

Question 16

Where are fixation cells?

Answer 16

In rostral part of SC deep layers

Question 17

What did Munoz and Wurtz (1993) do?

Answer 17

Tested reflexive saccades with asterisks in peripheral, had overlap and offset trials

Question 18

What is the fixation offset effect (FOE)?

Answer 18

Reaction time on overlap trials - offset trials, is measuring the strength of the fixation reflex. If high have lots of fixation

Question 19

Which has faster reflexes the overlap or offset trials?

Answer 19

Offset as fixation point is gone so no longer inhibition from fixation reflex