Lecture 2

Question 1

How do rods pick up low light?

Answer 1

Have a lot more membrane and therefore photopigment so pick up more light

Question 2

What does scotopic mean?

Answer 2

See in low light

Question 3

What does photopic mean?

Answer 3

See in high light

Question 4

Do rods or cones have higher aquity?

Answer 4

Cones

Question 5

What is fidelity?

Answer 5

How many retinal ganglion cells to a group of photoreceptors

Question 6

Why is low fidelity good?

Answer 6

To amplify a weak signal

Question 7

What do intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (IPRGC) do?

Answer 7

Entrain the suprachiasmatic nucleus for circadian rhythm

Question 8

What photopigment do IPGRCs use?

Answer 8

Melanopsin

Question 9

What type of light is melanopsin particularly sensitive to?

Answer 9

Blue light

Question 10

Where in the retina are the IPRGCs?

Answer 10

In the lower 2/3rds, as light from above

Question 11

Where are horizontal cells found?

Answer 11

Between photoreceptors and bipolar cells

Question 12

Where are amacrine cells found?

Answer 12

Between bipolar and retinal ganglion cells

Question 13

What do horizontal and amacrine cells release?

Answer 13

GABA

Question 14

What causes lateral inhibition?

Answer 14

Excitatory cells exciting the inhibitory interneurons causing them to inhibit surrounding cells

Question 15

What is the visible light spectrum?

Answer 15

400-700nm

Question 16

What are the 3 types of cones?

Answer 16

Short wavelength - Blue
Medium wavelength - Green
Long wavelength - Red

Question 17

True/false blue inhibits other colours?

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What is an opponent process?

Answer 18

A thing that inhibits the opposite response

Question 19

What is deuteranomoly?

Answer 19

Can’t see green well (most common colour blindness)

Question 20

What is protanopia?

Answer 20

Can’t see red (second most common colour blindness)