Development of the Brain

Question 1

What are the 3 main steps of brain development?

Answer 1

Cell division, migration and differentiation

Question 2

How do stem cells divide?

Answer 2

Divides then one migrates away and the other stays to divide again

Question 3

How do the cell layers of the brain form?

Answer 3

Form inside out, so new cells go through layers already there

Question 4

How does age effect plasticity?

Answer 4

Reduces with age

Question 5

What is plasticity?

Answer 5

The ability of the nervous system to change

Question 6

How is the brain changes just after birth?

Answer 6

Does fine tuning depending on stimuli

Question 7

What did Melchner et al. (2000) do?

Answer 7

Rewired ferrets brain so visual info was going to MGN

Question 8

What did Gothe et al. (2002) do?

Answer 8

Did TMS over V1 in blind people, people who were blind from birth didn’t see phosphenes

Question 9

What is congenital blindness?

Answer 9

Blind from birth

Question 10

What did Lambert, Sampaio, Mauss and Scheiber (2004) do?

Answer 10

Looked at where the brain is active during mental imagery in congenitally blind adults

Question 11

What did Recanzone et al. (1993) do?

Answer 11

Trained monkeys to discriminate between 2 tones and they had enlarged cortical regions associated with those tones

Question 12

What is functional plasticity?

Answer 12

Change so can preform a certain function

Question 13

What did Karni et al. (1998) do?

Answer 13

Trained humans in motor patterns and had more brain activation in trained sequences compared to untrained ones

Question 14

What did Erickson et al. (2011) do?

Answer 14

Found aerobic exercise lead to increase in hippocampus volume and improved spatial memory