Development of the Brain Flashcards
Lecture 13 Module 2
What are the 3 main steps of brain development?
Cell division, migration and differentiation
How do stem cells divide?
Divides then one migrates away and the other stays to divide again
How do the cell layers of the brain form?
Form inside out, so new cells go through layers already there
How does age effect plasticity?
Reduces with age
What is plasticity?
The ability of the nervous system to change
How is the brain changes just after birth?
Does fine tuning depending on stimuli
What did Melchner et al. (2000) do?
Rewired ferrets brain so visual info was going to MGN
What did Gothe et al. (2002) do?
Did TMS over V1 in blind people, people who were blind from birth didn’t see phosphenes
What is congenital blindness?
Blind from birth
What did Lambert, Sampaio, Mauss and Scheiber (2004) do?
Looked at where the brain is active during mental imagery in congenitally blind adults
What did Recanzone et al. (1993) do?
Trained monkeys to discriminate between 2 tones and they had enlarged cortical regions associated with those tones
What is functional plasticity?
Change so can preform a certain function
What did Karni et al. (1998) do?
Trained humans in motor patterns and had more brain activation in trained sequences compared to untrained ones
What did Erickson et al. (2011) do?
Found aerobic exercise lead to increase in hippocampus volume and improved spatial memory
