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Psychology > Study Guide 9 - Intelligence > Flashcards

Study Guide 9 - Intelligence Flashcards

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1
Q

Intelligence

A
  • ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and adapt
  • varies between cultures
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2
Q

Spearman’ Theory

A
  • a general intelligence (g)
  • underlies all intelligence
  • DOES matter!
  • predicts performance on complex tasks
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3
Q

Gardner’s 8 intelligences

A
  • intelligence is many abilities
  • spatial
  • bodily
  • intrapersonal (self awareness, introspection, aware of their emotions)
  • interpersonal (interaction with others)
  • naturalist
  • linguistic
  • logical
  • musical
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4
Q

Savant Syndrome

A

-person with limited intelligence has one incredible skill

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5
Q

Reification

A

-error of viewing intelligence as a physical object you “have”

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6
Q

Thurstone’s Theory of Intelligence

A
  • mental abilities (book smarts)
  • intelligence is a range of abilities
  • verbal, numerical, memory, inductive reasoning, perceptual speed, verbal fluency, spatial
  • good at one more likely to be good at the rest
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7
Q

Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

A
  • analytical (school)
  • creative
  • practical (street smarts)
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8
Q

Emotional Intelligence

A

-ability to understand, interpret and control emotions

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9
Q

Goleman’s Theory of Emotional Intelligence

A
  • ability to understand, interpret, and control emotion

- use emotion to enable adaptive and creative thinking

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10
Q

Mental vs. chronological age

A

-mental age: level of performance typically associated with a certain chronological age (age in years)

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11
Q

Stanford-Binet Test

A
  • Terman revised and standardized Binet’s test for an American sample
  • from this came the IQ formula
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12
Q

IQ

A

-mental age/chronological age X100

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13
Q

WAIS and WISC

A
  • Wechsler test for adults (WAIS) and children (WISC)
  • administered individually
  • gives overall score and separate scores for verbal and performance (15 subtests measure verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, memory and processing speed)
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14
Q

Aptitude Test

A

-designed to gauge a person’s ability to learn (SAT)

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15
Q

Achievement Test

A

-measures how much a person has learned (AP test)

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16
Q

Standardization

A

-comparing your score to a representative sample’s score to determine your intelligence relative to other people’s

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17
Q

Reliability

A

-a test is reliable if it yields dependable consistent scores

18
Q

Validity

A

-if a test measures what it is supposed to measure

19
Q

Predictive validity

A

-if Test is a good indicator of future performance

20
Q

Content Validity

A

-the extent to which the test samples the behavior that is of interest

21
Q

Normal Curve

A
  • the bell shape Distribution that describes many psychological traits
  • most ppl are average with fewer ppl towards the end
  • 68% of data within 1 St. Deviation, 95% within 2 St. Deviations, 99.8% within 3 St. Deviations
  • Z score: X-mean/St. Deviation
22
Q

Flynn Effect

A

-worldwide test scores are improving

23
Q

Stereotype Threat

A

-when a group is told their performance is worse than another groups they will perform worse

24
Q

Culture Fair Testing

A

-a Test that measures IQ and is not biased based on culture differences

25
Q

Creativity

A
  • expertise
  • imaginative thinking
  • adventurous personality
  • intrinsic motivation
  • creative environment
  • defined as the ability to produce new and valuable ideas
26
Q

ABD - fluid and crystallized Intelligence

A

-alike because both differ depending on age
-different because FLUID: ability to reason quickly and abstractly, decreases in 20s and 30s
CRYSTALLIZED: accumulated knowledge, increases in old age

27
Q

ABD - validity and reliability

A
  • alike because Good tests meet both of these requirements
  • different because VALIDITY is the extend to which a Test measures what it’s supposed to and RELIABILITY is if a Test yields consistent scores
28
Q

ABD - stereotype threat and culture fair Test

A
  • alike because both are difficulties that arise with intelligence and culture
  • different because STEREOTYPE THREAT is the phenomenon that if a group is told they will perform worse they will and CULTURE FAIR TEST is a test that ensures that it is not biased based on culture
29
Q

Split-Half Reliability

A
  • a way to see if different test items for the same topic produce the same result
  • determine correlation between two sets of questions about the same topic
30
Q

Inter-Rate Reliability

A
  • used to assess the degree to which different judges agree in their assessment of something
  • useful because humans may disagree in their interpretation
31
Q

Pretest-Posttest Reliability

A

-take same test twice and compare two scores to determine stability over time

32
Q

Criterion Validity

A

-used to predict future or current performance

33
Q

Face Validity

A
  • determines that the measure APPEARS to be assessing what it’s supposed to
  • not very scientific
34
Q

ABD - practical and analytic intelligence

A
  • alike because both are part of Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory
  • different because PRACTICAL is about doing real life skills while ANALYTIC is “book smarts”
35
Q

ABD - content and criterion Validity

A

-alike because both are types of Validity (how well something measures what it is supposed to)
-different because CONTENT = extent to which the test samples the behavior that is of interest
while CRITERION is used to predict performance

36
Q

Giftedness/Genius

A
  • hard to define
  • high level of performance in a field
  • potential at a young age and then achievement later
  • still involved hard work
  • psychosocial influences
37
Q

MENSA

A
  • high IQ society

- top 2% of IQs to join

38
Q

Intellectual Delay/Cognitively Disabled

A

-significant limitations on intellectual functioning (reasoning, problem solving) and adaptive behavior (social and practical skills)

39
Q

Specific social intelligence (s)

A
  • emotional intelligence

- ability to understand others

40
Q

Percentile

A

-ex) a score that is greater than 75% of scores is in the 75th percentile, and 75 is the percentile rank

41
Q

ABD - g and s

A
  • alike because both are a variable that measure an overall ability
  • g measures overall smarts, while s measures social intelligence

Psychology (14 decks)

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