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Bio 20 > Structures and Functions of the Circulatory system > Flashcards

Structures and Functions of the Circulatory system Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

3 functions of circulatory system

A

transport gases and wastes, regulates internal temperature and transports hormones and protects against blood loss from injury

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2
Q

What is a heart and what dose it do

A

a muscle that pumps blood through body and generates blood flow

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3
Q

What are blood vessels and what do they do

A

“roadways” for blood ex arteries, veins, capillaries

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4
Q

Blood dose what

A

carries nutrients (O2,CO2 and wastes) and other materials throughout the body

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5
Q

where is heart located

A

slightly left of middle of chest

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6
Q

what is heart made up of

A

cardiac muscle

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7
Q

heart contractions are ____ and _____

A

rhythmical and involuntary

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8
Q

What are top left and right versus bottom left and right sides of heart called

A

Top: Right and Left Atrium
Bottom: Right and Left Venticle

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9
Q

what is top right side of heart called
(my left)

A

right atrium

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10
Q

what is top left side of heart called (my right)

A

left atrium

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11
Q

what is bottom left side of heart called (my right)

A

left ventricle

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12
Q

what is bottom right side of heart called (my left)

A

right ventricle

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13
Q

what is atria

A

two chambers at the top of hear

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14
Q

what is ventricles

A

twi chambers at the bottom of heart

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15
Q

what is a septum

A

thick muscular wall separating the heart through middle ish

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16
Q

whats a pericardium

A

fluid filled membrane surrounding the heart

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17
Q

What are Atrioventricular (AV) valves

A

separate atria from ventricles

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18
Q

what are semilunar (SL) valve

A

separate ventricles from arteries

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19
Q

Blue = deoxygenated blood

A

blood returning from tissues with low O2 and heading towards heart and lungs to get more O2

20
Q

Red=oxygenated blood

A

blood leaving lungs thats filled with O2 and heading towards tissues to deliver O2

21
Q

opening for blood on top right side of heart

A

superior vena cava

22
Q

opening for blood on bottom right side of heart

A

inferior vena cava

23
Q

whats the first step blood pathway

A

O2 poor blood coming back from the body is pumped thorough the vena cava into the right atrium

24
Q

whats the second step of blood pathway

A

O2 poor blood flows from right atrium to the right ventricle and then out to the left and right pulmonary arteries to lungs for gas exchange

25
Q

Third step of blood pathway

A

O2 rich blood from lungs returns to the heart through left and right pulmonary veins

26
Q

4th step of blood pathway

A

O2 rich blood enters left atrium and then left ventricle

27
Q

5th step of blood pathway

A

O2 rich blood leaves the heart through the aorta to be delivered throughout the body

28
Q

whats a pulmonary artery/vein

A

transport artery/vein for I2 and CO2

29
Q

whats the biggest vain

A

vena cava

30
Q

Describe arteries

A
  • have highly elastic walls
  • middle layer is thick smooth muscle
  • thicker walls than veins
31
Q

What do arteries transport

A

only carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs gia pulmonary arteries but usually carries oxygenated blood from left side of heart via aorta throughout body

32
Q

aorta

A

biggest artery

33
Q

describe capillaries

A

smallest blood vessels
single layer of cells fit diameter is 8 um,
super thin for gas, nutrient and waste exchange between blood n cells

34
Q

what do capillaries transport

A

gas, nutrients and waste on red blood cells to cells

35
Q

describe Veins

A

thin walls, not as elastic, rely on contractions from skeletal muscles , has valve in middle

36
Q

What do veins transport

A

Transport deoxygenated blood to heart gia vena cava and oxygenated blood throughout pulmonary veins to lungs

37
Q

when the oxygenated blood leaves heart in what order dose it come back deoxygenated to heart

A

leaves heart through aorta> artery>arterioles>capillaries > venuoles(small veins)>vena cava in to heart

38
Q

venuoles

A

small veins

39
Q

blood enters the right atrium through the ________

A

superior/inferior vena cava

40
Q

blood flows from the right atrium into the right ventricle through the _______

A

AV valves (atrioventricular)

41
Q

blood is pumped from the right ventricle into pulmonary trunk that splits into right and left ______

A

pulmonary arteries

42
Q

blood returns from the lungs by way of the right and left _____

A

pulmonary veins

43
Q

blood enters the _____ when it returns from the lungs

A

left atrium

44
Q

blood flows past the _____ as it enters the left ventricle

A

left. Av valve

45
Q

the left ventricle pumps out past the _____ into the aorta

A

semilunar valves

46
Q

varicose veins

A

when leaflets of valves fail to close properly causing blood to flow backwards and pool in the veins

Bio 20 (21 decks)

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