light independent reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

whats another name tor light independent reaction

A

calvin benson cycle , dark reaction

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2
Q

whats light independent reaction

A

chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose using stored ATP and NADPH

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3
Q

Step 1:carbon fixation

A

-C atom from CO2 binds ti pre existing 5 carbon molecules (RuBP)
-creates 6 carbon which is unstable and quickly breaks down into 2 x 3 carbon molecules

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4
Q

whats 5 carbon called

A

RuBP

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5
Q

6 carbon bond is ____ and therefore further ___ into _____

A

unstable and large , breaks down / separates into 2 chains of 3 carbons = 2 PGA

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6
Q

the chains of 3 Carbon molecules that are stable but low energy are called

A

PGA

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7
Q

Step 2: Reduction

A
  • the 3 chains if Carbon are in low energy stable state
  • get activated by Atp and reduced by NADPH (charged version)
  • produces two molecules of PGAL (high energy stable 2 chains of 3 PGAL = 6 carbons total
  • 1 PGAL leaves to be used to make glucose
    -5 PGAL remain
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8
Q

what is needed to make glucose

A

2 PGALS to fifm into glucose

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9
Q

chains of 3 carbons that are stable high energy are called

A

PGAL

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10
Q

what is used ti turn PGA into PGAL

A

ATP and NADPH

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11
Q

Step 3: Replacing RuBP

A
  • ATP produced from the light dependent reaction breaks an reforms the 3 PGAL (9 carbon) into 5 carbon RuBP
  • 6 cycles needed to make one glucose molecule
  • 12 PGAL produced (36 carbon)
  • 10 PGAL (30 carbon) stay in cycle ti remake RuBP
    -2 PGAL make one glucose
  • ATP and NADPH provide energy to form PGAL from PGA
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12
Q

how many cycles are needed to make 12 PGAL molecules and what are those used for

A

six cycles to make 12 PGAL (36 Carbons )
-10 used to regenarate RuBP and 2 are used to make glucose

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13
Q

when are both ATP and NADPH energy used and for what

A

when 12 (3C ) PGA are made into 12 PGAL to charge

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14
Q

when is just ATP used in calvin cycle

A

to make 10 PGAL (30C ) into 6 RuBP (5 C) compounds

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15
Q

where dose the light independent reaction occur

A

stroma

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