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Bio 20 > Muscle Anatomy > Flashcards

Muscle Anatomy Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Agonistic

A

muscle contracts

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2
Q

antagonistic

A

muscle relaxes or lengthens

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3
Q

What are the 2 connective tissue’s

A

tendons and ligaments

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4
Q

what are tendons

A

connective tissue’s that link muscles to bone

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5
Q

what are ligaments

A

connective tissue’s that link bone to bone

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6
Q

what are 3 types of muscles cells

A

cardiac skeletal and smooth

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7
Q

where are cardiac muscles found

A

only found in heart covering the walls

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8
Q

how many nuclei do cardiac muscles have

A

1

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9
Q

what are cardiac muscles like

A

tubular , striated (have stripes), branched

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10
Q

cardiac muscles are _____ controlled

A

involuntarily

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11
Q

whats cardiac muscles controlled by

A

involuntary control , controlled by autonomic nervous system

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12
Q

what is a autonomic nervous system

A

a system that regulates involuntary physiological processes

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13
Q

where are smooth muscles found

A

lined inside blood vessels, tubes and walls of internal organs

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14
Q

ex of where smooth muscles are found

A

esophagus, stomach , hollow organs

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15
Q

how many nuclei do smooth muscles have

A

1

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16
Q

what are smooth muscles like

A

non-striated and spindle shaped

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17
Q

smooth muscles are _____ contracted

A

involuntarily

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18
Q

what are smooth muscles controlled by

A

autonomic nervous system

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19
Q

What are Flexor muscles

A

antagonistic muscle that bend a limb

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20
Q

what are extensors muscles

A

antagonistic muscles that straightened a limb

21
Q

antagonistic muscles are muscles that _____

A

cause movement in opposite directions

22
Q

Where are skeletal muscles found

A

all over body attached to bones

23
Q

what are skeletal muscles

A

muscles found all over body that are attached to bones that aid in movement

24
Q

How many nuclei do skeletal muscles have

A

many

25
Q

what are skeletal muscles like

A

tubular and striated , very long

26
Q

skeletal muscles are have ____ contractions

A

voluntary

27
Q

what are skeletal muscles controlled by

A

central nervous system

28
Q

what di skeletal muscles do

A

support the body and aid in locomotion (movement)

29
Q

components of skeletal muscles biggest to smallest

A

muscle > muscle fibre bundle> muscle fibre > myofibril> myofilaments

30
Q

what are muscles made up of

A

bundles of muscle fibres

31
Q

what are muscle fibre bundles made of

A

muscle fibres

32
Q

what are muscle fibres made up of

A

myofibril

33
Q

what are myofibrilles made up of

A

myofilaments

34
Q

where are skeletal muscles enclosed

A

within a membrane called sarcolemma

35
Q

whithin the muscle fibres are tiny ____ bundled together

A

myofilaments

36
Q

what are myofilaments

A

threadlike structures of contractile proteins found within the muscle, smallest building block of muscles

37
Q

what are the two kinds of myofilaments

A

thin and thick

38
Q

what are thin myofilaments composed of

A

actin

39
Q

what are thick myofilaments composed of

A

myosin

40
Q

thin and thick myofilaments _____

A

overlap to produce a striped apperance = sarcomere

41
Q

whats a sarcomere

A

basic , repeating unit of a muscle cell , functional/ contractile unit , building block of muscles

42
Q

Whats a Z line

A

the length of the muscle fibres that anchors the actin fibres , sides of sarcomere

43
Q

What does a Z line to a Z line measure

A

one sarcomere

44
Q

Whats a A band

A

full length of the thick myosin filaments including the overlapped part with actin filaments (dark band)

45
Q

whats a I band

A

thin actin filaments (light band)

46
Q

Whats a H zone

A

in middle of A band where only thick filaments are found

47
Q

Whats a M line

A

center of H zone where thick filaments are bound in the center , mid of sarcomere

48
Q

What happens in M line

A

cross-bridges where thick n thin myofilaments overlap and attach to eachother, myosin (thick) heads attach onto actin (thin) filaments

49
Q

what does myo infer

A

muscle

Bio 20 (21 decks)

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