Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

msk2 > stretching > Flashcards

stretching Flashcards

1
Q

what is mobility

A

ability to move ROM for functional abilites - functional ROM

assoc with joint integ and tissue extensibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is stretching

A

therapeutic maneuver to inc extensibility of soft tissues - imrpoving flexibility

elongating the structures that have adaptively shortened and became hypomobile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is flexibility

A

ability to rotate a single joint or series of joints smoothly and easily through an unrestricted, pain-free ROM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

exp dynamic flexibility

A

AROM - active muscle contraction and depends on contraction and tissue resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

exp passive flexibility

A

PROM - external force and depends on muscle and connective tissue extensibility

prereq for AROM but does not ensure AROM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the contributing factors for hypomobility

A

prolonged immob

sedentary or habitual postures

postural or muscle imbalances

paralysis or weakness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

compare contracture to tightness

A

both are adaptive shortening of muscle-tendon unit = LOM

contractures - almost complete loss

tightness - mild shortening lng

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

types of contracature

A

myostatic
pseudomyostatic
arthrogenic and periarticular
fibrotic and irreversible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

exp myostatic contracture

A

shortened musculotendinous unit and can be resolved with stretching excericises easily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

exp pseudomyostatic contrcture

A

hypertonicity assoc c CNS lesions, muscle spasm/guarding, pain

excessive resistance to passive stretch and can be reduced temoporarlily w neuromuscular inhib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

exp arthrogenic and periarticular contracture

A

intra-articular pathology d/t adhesion, joint effusion, osteophyte formation - knee oa

connective tissue around joint becomes stiff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

exp fibrotic and irreversible contracture

A

fibrotic - connective tissue becomes fibrous = adherence & fibrotic tissue

irreversible - permanent loss of extensibility s surgery

possible naman to stretch but vv hard to re-establish optimal tissue length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

exp concept of selective stretching

A

stretching some muscles but allows LOM to some for stability or function - usually in pt’s c paralysis

SCI paraplegic - LOM of trunk motion but stretching on hams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is overstretching

A

stretching beyond normal length of muscle and ROM of joint = hypermob

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

type of tissue that has elastic and plastic qualities

A

contractile and non-contractile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

type of tissue that has visoelastic qualities

A

non-contractile only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the response of soft tissues to stretch

A

elastic - viscoelastic - plastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is elasticity

A

ablity of soft tissue to return to its pre-stretched resting length directly after a short duration stretch force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is viscoelasticity

A

for non-contractile

time dependent - resists deformation initially and allows change in length if sustained then gradually return after stretch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is plasticitiy

A

tendency of soft tissue to assume a greater length after stretch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

grade 1 strain

A

microfailure - some ruptures at early plastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

grade 2 strain

A

macrofailure - inc ruptured fibers at latter plastic

23
Q

grade 3 strain

A

complete rupture beyond plastic range

24
Q

how does immob affect collagen

A

causes weakening of collagen bonding and forms adhesion - dec space and lub

25
Q

how does inactivity affect collagen

A

dec size and amount of collagen - weak

26
Q

how does age affect collagen

A

dec in maximal tensile strength and slower adaption

27
Q

how does sterioids affect collagen

A

dec in tensile strength

28
Q

how does injury affect collagen

A

excessive loading = rupture of ligaments and tendons

newly made collagen is weaker

29
Q

discuss significance of stretch reflex in stretching

A

inc tension resists lengthening

to minimize stretch reflex - slow and low intensity prolonged stretch is preferred kesa ballistic

30
Q

what is reciprocal inhib

A

contraction of agonist = reflex relaxation antagonist = stretch and protect it from injury

31
Q

what is autogeninc inhib

A

GTO inhibs contraction = relaxation during stretching = easier

32
Q

indications of stretching

A

LOM
to prevent structural deformities
muscle weakness and shortening of opposing tissue
for prevention of risk in sports
prior or after exercise

33
Q

contraindic for stretching

A

bony blocks
recent fractires or malunion
acute stage
sharp acute pain
hematoma or trauma
hypermob
contractures that provide stab or fucntion

34
Q

main rationale of stretching

A

regain normal ROM of joints and mobility of soft tissues that surround a joint

35
Q

goals of stretching

A

inc flexibility and ROM

general fitness

injury prevention and reductions of soreness

36
Q

precautions of stretching

A

do not force beyond normal ROM

newly united fractures

osteoporosis

vigorous stretching esp if immmob for a long time

avoid ballistic

progress gradually

joint pain and muscle soreness > 24 hrs after stretching

avoid stretching edematous tissue and weak muscles

37
Q

what are the determinants of stretching

A

alignment
stabilization
intensity
duration
speed
frequency
mode

38
Q

discuss alignment in stretching

A

pos so that stretch force is directed to muscle group - stretch rectus fem dapat neutral pelvis and spine with knee flexed and hip extended

39
Q

discuss stablization in stretching

A

fixation of body segment para ma stretch yung muscle properly - stab hip when stretching rectus fem in prone

40
Q

discuss intensity in stretching

A

low instensity dapat - more comfy and minimizes MG, soreness and tissue damage

41
Q

discuss time in stretching

A

15 secs x 5
30 secs x 3
45 secs x 2

42
Q

discuss static stretching

A

GPS - most common type

slowly elongated and held

43
Q

discuss cyclic or intermittent stretching

A

repeated but gradual - 5-10 secs each cycle

not same as ballistic slow stretch and low intensity pdin but in cycles

44
Q

discuss speed in stretching

A

slow applied is better that ballistic - less like to activate stretch reflex

45
Q

discuss frequency for stretching

A

2-5 sessions per week

46
Q

discuss mode for stretching

A

manual passive
self-stretching
mechanical strethcing

47
Q

discuss manual passive stretching

A

PT applies external force - gains in ROM are transient d/t sarcomere give or connective tissue recovery from creep

48
Q

discuss self stretching

A

importans aspect of HEP - enables pt to independently inc/maintain ROM

49
Q

discuss prolonged mechanical passive stretching

A

use of equipments - ankle weights

low intensity for long time - 15-30 mins or 8-10 hrs

50
Q

what is active inhibition or PNF stretching

A

facilitative or active stretching - uses muscle contraction to faci or inhib and inc stretch

51
Q

discuss hold-relax

A

pt elongates - isometric contraction of opposite action of desired ROM against PT for 6 sec - relax - PT passively stretches to new range and holds for 15 secs - repeat

for tight hamstrings

pt does SLR - pushes down or flex hams against PT for 6 secs - relax - PT passively SLR more and holds for 15 secs

x 3 reps

autogenic inhib

52
Q

discuss agonist contraction

A

pt elongates - isometric contraction of agonist of muscle of desired ROM against PT for 6 sec - relax - PT passively stretches to new range and holds for 15 secs - repeat

for tight hams

pt does SLR - pt extends leg or extends quads against PT for 6 secs - relax - PT passively SLR more and holds for 15 secs

x 3 reps

reciprocal inhib

53
Q

discuss HR-AC

A

combi of autogenic and reciprocal inhib

Pre-stretch isometric contraction of the antagonist → relaxation of antagonist → concentric contraction of the agonist (combination of HR/AR and AC)

54
Q

what should we do after stretching

A

cryo to minimize post stretch soreness

have pt perform active exercise and functional activities that uses gained ROM

strengthen agonist muscle

msk2 (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions