Stimulants and Alcohol Flashcards
MOA of Caffeine
inhibits cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 3
increases NE and DA release
both enhance neural activity
Caffeine Toxicity
CNS stimulation with tremor, insomnia, nervousness, cardiac stimulation
Caffeine Withdrawal
lethargy, sedation
headaches, nausea, irritability
MOA of Nicotine
depolarizes nicotinic receptors causing euphoria and arousal
Nicotine Use
stop smoking
Nicotine Withdrawal
irritability, impatience, hostility, anxiety, depressed
MOA of Detroamphetamine and Methamphetamine
causes release of NE, DA, serotonin
Use of Amphetamines
narcolepsy
Toxicity of Amphetamines
agitation, restlessness, tachycardia
cerebral hemorrhage and renal failure
MOA of Cocaine
inhibits CNS reuptake transporters of DA, NE, serotonin
Cocaine Toxicity
arrhythmias, seizures, respiratory depression
vasoconstriction causing severe HTN, infarcts, and strokes
Ethanol Metabolism
ethanol converted to acetaldehyde (toxic) by ADH, and then converted to acetate by ALDH
> 500mg/dL of alcohol
lethal
inhibits glutamate’s ability to activate NMDA receptors
Chronic Effects of Ethanol
hepatitis, pancreatitis
tolerance and dependance
neurotoxicity- peripheral neuropathy
Wernicke Korsakoff Syndrome
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
thiamine (Vit B1) deficiency
ataxia, confusion, paralysis
treated with parenteral thiamine
