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Pharmacology II > Hypothalamic and Pituitary > Flashcards

Hypothalamic and Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone

GnRH

A

controls release of FSH and LH

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2
Q

GnRH Agonists Examples

A

leuprolide
goserelin (Relin)
longer than natural half life

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3
Q

Pulsatile Doses of GnRH

A

cyclic, mimics normal

replacement therapy

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4
Q

Steady Doses of GnRH

A

causes inhibition of gonadotropin release
suppression therapy
first week acts as agonist (flare, inhibition after

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5
Q

Use of Pulsatile Dosing of GnRH

A

female and male infertility

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6
Q

Use of Continuous Dosing of GnRH

A

Prostate Cancer

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7
Q

GnRH Antagonists Examples

A

Ganirelix

RELIX

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8
Q

Uses for GnRH Antagonists

A

prostate cancer

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9
Q

Advantages of GnRH Antagonists over Agonists

A

no flare

more rapid onset of inhibitory effects

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10
Q

GH Antagonists

A

inhibits release of GH, glucagon, insulin, gastrin

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11
Q

Example of GH Antagonists

A

Octreotide- somatostatin analog

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12
Q

Uses of GH Antagonists

A

acromegaly or gigantism

hormone secreting tumors (carcinoid)

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13
Q

SE of GH Antagonists

A

biliary sludge
gallstones
sinus bradycardia

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14
Q

Prolactin

A

lactation
regulated by dopamine
no replacements available

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15
Q

Prolactin Antagonists

A

dopamine agonists

more dopamine = less prolactin

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16
Q

Example of Prolactin Antagonists

A

Cabergoline

17
Q

Elevated Prolactin

A

inhibits ovulation- menstrual irregularities

decreased libido and gynecomastia in men

18
Q

Oxytocin

A

milk ejection
uterine contractions in pharmacologic doses
maintain labor

19
Q

Use of Oxytocin

A

induce labor

control postpartum hemorrhage

20
Q

SE of Oxytocin

A

water retention

21
Q

Vasopressin

ADH

A

water retention

22
Q

Vasopressin V1a

A

constrict blood vessels

23
Q

Vasopressin V2

A

kidney

24
Q

Desmopressin

A

vasopressin agonist

25
Q

Uses of Desmopressin

A

central diabetes insipidus
type 1 von Willebrand disease- shorten bleeding (factor 8)
hemophilia A
nocturnal enuresis

26
Q

Vasopressin Antagonist Examples

A

conivaptan

tolvaptan

27
Q

Use of Conivaptan

A

blocks V1 and V2

treat SIADH

28
Q

Use of Tolvaptan

A

blocks V2

treat SIADH

29
Q

SIADH

A

too much ADH, impaired water excretion

increases blood volume

30
Q

Central Diabetes Insipidus

A

caused by head injury

results in deficiency in ADH

31
Q

Demeclocycline

A

blocks V2

for SIADH

Pharmacology II (16 decks)

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