Androgens, Estrogens, and Progestins

Question 1

Testosterone

Answer 1

main androgenic hormone

made by Leydig cells of testes

Question 2

Hydroxylase in Leydig Cells

Answer 2

CYP17

Question 3

5a-Reductase

Answer 3

converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone

Question 4

P450 Aromatase

Answer 4

converts testosterone to estradiol

Question 5

Effects of Androgen

Answer 5

penile/ scrotal growth
changes in skin and vocal cords
prostate growth
increases lean body mass and stim body hair growth

Question 6

Examples of Androgens

Answer 6

testosterone
oxandrolone
nandrolone decanoate

Question 7

Uses of Androgens

Answer 7

replacement therapy in Male Hypogonadism

enhance athletics- DHEA

Question 8

SE of Androgens

Answer 8

Conversion to estrogens- gynecomastia

virilization of women and children

Question 9

GnRH Antagonists

Answer 9

inhibit production of LH

Question 10

Tx for Enlarged Prostate

Answer 10

alpha-1 blockers

5-a reductase inhibitors

Question 11

Flutamide

Answer 11

androgen receptor blocker
for prostate cancer
for hirsutism in women

Question 12

Finasteride

Answer 12

5-a Reductase Inhibitors
for benign prostatic hyperplasia
male pattern baldness

Question 13

PDE5 Inhibitor Examples

Answer 13

sildenafil
vardenafil
tadalafil

Question 14

MOA of PDE5 Inhibitors

Answer 14

blocks metabolism of cGMP by inhibiting PDE5

relaxes smooth muscle in corpora cavernosum and increased blood flow and erectile response

Question 15

SE of Sildenaafil and Vardenafil

Answer 15

blurred vision

loss of blue green color vision

Question 16

SE of Tadalafil

Answer 16

greatest inhibitory effect on PDE 11

lower back and limb pain

Question 17

Don’t mix PDE5 Inhibitors with…..

Answer 17

nitrates

Question 18

Estradiol

Answer 18

main ovarian estrogen in women

Question 19

Ethynyl Estradiol

Answer 19

synthetic estrogen

hormonal contraceptives

Question 20

Effects of Estrogen

Answer 20

essential for normal female reproductive development

Question 21

Continuous Estrogen

Answer 21

inhibits gonadotropin secretion

Question 22

Use of Estrogen

Answer 22

treating hypogonadism in females

preventing bone loss and osteoporosis

Question 23

Estrogen Toxicity

Answer 23

when used as HRT- increased risk of endometrial cancer

Question 24

Examples of SERMS

Answer 24

Tamoxifen

Raloxifene

Question 25

Use of SERMS

Answer 25

estrogen receptor (+) breast cancer
raloxifene for osteoporosis as well

Question 26

SE of Tamoxifen

Answer 26

increased risk of endometrial cancer

Question 27

SE of Raloxifene

Answer 27

hot flushes and increase risk of venous thrombosis

Question 28

Fulvestrant

Answer 28

pure estrogen receptor antagonist

Question 29

MOA of Fulvestrant

Answer 29

inhibits binding of estrogen

alters receptor structure so that the estrogen receptor is targeted for degradation

Question 30

Use of Fulvestrant

Answer 30

estrogen receptor + breast cancer

Tamoxifen resistant breast cancer

Question 31

MOA of Clomiphene

Answer 31

blocks inhibitory action of estrogen on gonadotropin release

Question 32

Use of Clomiphene

Answer 32

first line treatment for infertility in polycystic ovarian syndrome

Question 33

SE of Clomiphene

Answer 33

hot flashes
multiple pregnancies
ovarian enlargement

Question 34

Progestin Effects

Answer 34

progesterone induces secretory changes in endometrium and is needed for pregnancy

Question 35

Use of Progestins

Answer 35

contraceptives

combo w/ estrogen for replacement therapy to prevent estrogen induced endometrial cancer

Question 36

Mifepristone Use

Answer 36

combo with prostaglandins to terminate pregnancy

increase contractions and ensure expulsion of detached blastocyst

Question 37

Ulipristal Use

Answer 37

emergency contraceptive
w/in 72 hours
lasts 5 days