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Medicine > step 3 14 > Flashcards

step 3 14 Flashcards

1
Q

cardiovascular risk of SLE

A

significant risk factor for the development of premature coronary atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease in young women. Cardiovascular events are the leading cause of mortality in patients with SLE.

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2
Q

conservative measures to prevent acute otitis media

A

Cessation of smoking, continuation of breastfeeding, avoidance of day care, and discontinuation of pacifier use

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3
Q

primary complication of intussusception reduction

A

intestinal perforation (get radiograph)

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4
Q

tPA window

A

4.5 hours

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5
Q

target BP ranges in acute stroke

A

Target BP (Permissive HTN)
220, 180, 140
no tPA, tPA, hemorrhagic

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6
Q

CLL presentation

A

lymphadenopathy, organomegaly, and anemia/thrombocytopenia

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7
Q

fastest acting ace-i, also easy to titrate

A

enalapril

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8
Q

bad prognostic findings in CLL

A

anemia/thrombocytopenia

HSM

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9
Q

strep throat treatment duration

A

penicillin x 10 days

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10
Q

cocaine toxicity management

A 
Benzodiazepines & nitroglycerin
Beta blockers contraindicated
CCBs for persistent chest pain
Phentolamine for persistent hypertension
± PCI for myocardial infarction
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11
Q

hypercalcemia system

A

adjust for albumin → PTH + repeat calcium to confirm

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12
Q

mortality risk with elderly dementia patients

A

elevated

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13
Q

JME presentation

A

upper extremity morning myoclonus and subsequent generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

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14
Q

JME treatment

A

valproic acid

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15
Q

MMR contraindications

A

(LIVE)
Anaphylaxis to prior MMR vaccination, neomycin, or gelatin
Immunodeficiency (eg, HIV with CD4 <200/mm3, leukemia)
Pregnancy

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16
Q

standard composition for enteral feeds

A

30 kcal/kg/day and 1 g/kg/day of protein

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17
Q

transverse myelitis presentation

A

Rapidly progressive weakness of the lower extremities following an upper respiratory infection, accompanied by sensory loss and urinary retention.

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18
Q

bacterial conjunctivitis treatment

A

erythromycin ointment or polymyxin-trimethoprim drops. However, fluoroquinolones are preferred for contact wearers due to higher risk for pseudomonal infection

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19
Q

most common complication of bacterial conjunctivitis in patients who wear contacts

A

Keratitis, or inflammation of the cornea

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20
Q

comorbidity of all spina bifida

A

neurogenic bladder

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21
Q

poor antidepressant response usually due to…

A

substance use

22
Q

latency period in research

A

period before which effect becomes noticeable

23
Q

RCA steps

A

1) Collect data
2) Create causal factor flow chart
3) Identify root causes
4) Generate recommendations & implement changes
5) Measure success of changes

24
Q

A good screening test is one with..

A

high sensitivity + high specificity

25
Q

Effects of licorice root

A

inhibit the conversion of cortisol to cortisone. This leads to increased activation of mineralocorticoid receptors. Clinical manifestations include hypertension, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis.

26
Q

antihypertensive with photosensitivity side effect

A

thiazides (any sulfonamide can cause photosensitivity)

27
Q

difference between squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma

A

Esophageal adenocarcinoma is found primarily in the lower esophagus and is associated with chronic gastroesophageal reflux and Barrett’s esophagus. Squamous cell carcinoma is often seen in patients who use alcohol and tobacco chronically and is usually located in the upper esophagus.

28
Q

most common anaerobe in human bites

A

Eikenella corrodens

29
Q

first line for warts

A

Topical salicylic acid

30
Q

meds that can interact with digoxin and cause digoxin toxicity

A

quinidine, amiodarone, and spironolactone.

31
Q

treatment of photoaging

A

tretinoin (reduces wrinkles, brown spots, AKs)

32
Q

complicated UTI treatment

A

ciprofloxacin x 7-14 days

33
Q

acute uncomplicated UTI treatment

A

Nitrofurantoin for 5 days (avoid in suspected pyelonephritis or creatinine clearance <60 mL/min)
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 3 days (avoid if local resistance rate >20%)
Fosfomycin single dose

34
Q

abx contraindicated in pregnancy

A

Tetracyclines
Fluoroquinolones
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

35
Q

UTI abx for pregnant patients

A

fosfomycin, and amoxicillin-clavulanate

36
Q

kawasaki presentation

A

conjunctivitis, mucous membrane changes, rash, lymphadenopathy, and extremity edema/erythema

37
Q

kawasaki treatment

A

IVIG + aspirin

38
Q

problem with IVIG

A

composed of pooled antibodies and can alter a person’s normal immune response to live vaccines. Because of this, live vaccines should not be administered for 11 months after treatment of Kawasaki disease.

39
Q

hypothyroidism and surgery eval

A

proceed with surgery

40
Q

impt SE of levo

A

increases myocardial ischemia

41
Q

staging of medullary thyroid cancer

A

CT scan of the neck and chest

42
Q

when you can fire a patient

A
  • have to take care of patient until patient finds another provider
  • have to provide patient with options for finding another provider
43
Q

colonoscopy recommendations based on polyps

A
  • Patients with >3 polyps, large polyps (1-2 cm), villous adenomas, or adenomas with high- grade dysplasia should have repeat colonoscopy in 3 years.
  • Patients with very large polyps (>2 cm) or carcinoma in-situ should have a second-look colonoscopy in 2-6 months to verify complete excision.
  • Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis are at especially high risk and should have annual colonoscopy.
44
Q

management of Absent or reversed umbilical artery end-diastolic flow

A

induce labor

45
Q

fibromyalgia workup

A

complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, TSH

46
Q

acutes stress disorder vs PTSD

A

ASD is the start of PTSD but lasts for less than a month

47
Q

kappa statistic meaning

A

extent to which inter-rater agreement is an improvement on chance agreement alone. It is a quantitative measure of inter-rater reliability.

48
Q

manage of patients with intellectual disability

A

assess for guardianship

49
Q

saw palmetto use

A

BPH

50
Q

garlic use

A

hypercholesterolemia

Medicine (71 decks)

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