step 3 10 Flashcards
acne management
Mild:
topical abx → clindamycin/erythromycin/sulfacetamide
benzoyl peroxide
if refractory → topical retinoid
Moderate:
benzoyl peroxide
retinoid – tazarotene/tretinoin/adapalene
Severe cystic:
oral abx → minocycline, tetracycline, clindamycin
oral retinoic acid → isotretinoin + check UPT
how to intubate patient with c spine injury
flexible bronchoscope
how to intubate patient with extensive facial trauma and bleeding
cricothyroidotomy
blood pressure equals
cardiac output X total peripheral resistance
total peripheral resistance equals
mean arterial pressure - mean venous pressure
stroke volume equals
end-diastolic volume - end-systolic volume
hemorrhagic shock first 6 steps
1) Intubate
2) 2 large bore IV’s
3) IVF + blood
4) type and screen
5) foley
6) IV abx
Statin indications
Adults ≥ 21 years of age with a primary LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL should be treated with high-intensity statin therapy unless contraindicated.
Adults 40-75 years of age with an LDL-C 70-189 mg/dL without clinical ASCVD or diabetes and an estimated ten-year ASCVD risk ≥ 7.5% should be treated with moderate- to high-intensity statin therapy.
Adults 40-75 years of age with diabetes mellitus and an LDL-C 70-189 mg/dL should be treated with moderate-intensity statin therapy.
Individuals ≤ 75 years of age who have clinical ASCVD should be treated with high-intensity statin therapy unless contraindicated.
*all high intensity except diabetes
CKD staging
*all increments of 15 starting at 15 except stage 1 and stage 2
Stage 1 with normal or high GFR (GFR > 90 mL/min)
Stage 2 Mild CKD (GFR = 60-89 mL/min)
Stage 3A Moderate CKD (GFR = 45-59 mL/min)
Stage 3B Moderate CKD (GFR = 30-44 mL/min)
Stage 4 Severe CKD (GFR = 15-29 mL/min)
Stage 5 End Stage CKD (GFR <15 mL/min)
LUTS
lower urinary tract symptoms, refers to constellation of systems commonly associated with BPH
earliest sign of hyperkalemia on ECG
all peaked T wave with a shortened QT interval is the earliest change (waveform 1), followed by progressive lengthening of the PR interval and QRS duration
next step in management for patient with linear skull fracture + no LOC
clean laceration
when surgery is indicated for skull fractures
comminuted or depressed skull fractures
open skull fracture management
tetanus toxoid + ppx antibiotics
management of head trauma with LOC
first step – noncon CT head, then can go home if someone can observe them for next 24 hours
basal skull fracture management
CT head and neck
CSF leak management with basal skull fracture
nothing, should heal on it’s own
epidural hematoma management
emergency craniotomy (epidural hematoma is FATAL WITHIN HOURS)
chronic subdural hematoma presentation
head trauma with fluctuating consciousness
why do you order noncon CT’s for brain bleeds?
blood and contrast look the same on CTs, giving a false positive
subdural hematoma management
craniotomy only if lateralizing signs and midline displacement
presentation of diffuse axonal injury
deeply unconscious
when you should absolutely never do an LP before head CT
elevated intracranial pressure (brain will herniate and patient will die)
presentation of elevated intracranial pressure
headache, vomiting without nausea, ocular palsies, altered level of consciousness, back pain and papilledema
