Stem Cells

Question 1

What is a stem cell?

Answer 1

• Undiffentraiated cell which can give rise to more cells of the same type and can differentraite to form other types of cells.

Question 2

Stem cells:

Answer 2

• Cells in an early embryo have not differentiated.
• Any of these cells can diffentriate into any type of body cell.
• Embyronic stem cells.

Stem Cells in bone marrow:
- Differentriate to form only blood cells.
- Red Cells.
White blood cells.
Platlets.
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Question 3

Bone Marrow Transplant:

Answer 3

• Existing bone marrow is destroyed using radiation.
• Recives a transplant of bone marrow from a donor.
• Stem cells in bone marrow divide to form new bone marrow.
• Diffenteriate to also form blood cells.

Question 4

Problems with bone marrow transplants:

Answer 4

• donar has to be compatible with patients.
• White blood cells produced by the bone marrow will get rejected and attack the patients body.
• ## Viruses can be passed from donar to the patient.

Question 5

What is Therapeutic Cloning:

Answer 5

• Embryo is produced with the same genes as the patient.
• Stem cells from the embryo can be transplanted into the patient without being rejected by the patients immune system.

Once inside the patient:
- Stem cells can differentiate to replace the cells which have stopped working correctly.

Question 6

Problems and Uses:

Answer 6

• Useful for a range of medical conditions such as diabetes and paralysis.
• ## Ethical and relegious issues:

Question 7

Plant Stem Cells

Answer 7

• Roots + Buds contain meristem tissues.
• Stem cells can differntriate into any type of plant tissue.
• At any point of a plants life.

produce clones of plants quickl and cheaply.

• E.g: Cloning a rare plant to prevent extinction.
• Produce clone crop plants for farmers- Resistance to diseases.