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US History > Standard 2 - Terms & Definitions for Brainscape > Flashcards

Standard 2 - Terms & Definitions for Brainscape Flashcards

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1
Q

Southern term for their argument that slavery was good for their slaves because they were clothed, fed, and disciplined

A

“Positive Good”

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2
Q

Religious revival that stressed reforming society - led to rise of the abolitionist movement

A

2nd Great Awakening

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3
Q

Polk wanted to claim the Oregon Territory up to this like of latitude, but wasn’t able to get it

A

54 40

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4
Q

Parallel that currently makes up the northern boundary of the US

A

49

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5
Q

People who wanted to abolish (get rid of) slavery

A

Abolitionists

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6
Q

Henry Clay’s compromise - the West would support the tariff and the North would send $$ to the west for internal improvements - this upset the south

A

American System

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7
Q

1st President from the West - “Age of the Common Man” - Democrat - Trail of Tears

A

Andrew Jackson

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8
Q

Term that means adding land to the US

A

Annexation

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9
Q

Period before the Civil War

A

Antebellum

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10
Q

Native American tribe displaced from GA to OK despite trying to assimilate into American culture - Trail of Tears

A

Cherokee

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11
Q

Segregation “by fact” - It isn’t enforced by law, it just exists. (example - White & black people live in different parts of town)

A

De facto segregation

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12
Q

Not allowed to vote

A

Disenfranchised

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13
Q

Section of the Constitution stating that Congress may do anything “necessary and proper” - used by loose constructionists to prove they can do things not in the Constitution

A

Elastic Clause

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14
Q

Prohibited from entering an abolitionist conference because she was a woman so she started the Seneca Falls Convention

A

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

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15
Q

Term meaning freedom from slavery

A

Emancipation

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16
Q

Former slave - became a leading abolitionist

A

Frederick Douglass

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17
Q

Wanted the right to own property, divorce, and get an education

A

Goals of Women’s Movement

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18
Q

Abolitionists from SC who grew up on a plantation who also supported women’s rights

A

Grimke Sisters

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19
Q

Abolitionist who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin - Many northerners learned of the evils of slavery from this book

A

Harriet Beecher Stowe

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20
Q

Led hundreds of slaves to freedom on the Underground Railroad

A

Harriet Tubman

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21
Q

Politician who designed the compromise known as the “American System” to provide a tariff for the north and internal improvements for the west

A

Henry Clay

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22
Q

President who completed America’s “Manifest Destiny”

A

James K. Polk

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23
Q

Belief that the Constitution can be stretched to allow things that it doesn’t specifically state - Jefferson DID NOT believe in this, but he used a this type of Constitutional
interpretation to buy the Louisiana Purchase

A

Loose Interpretation

24
Q

Explorers who claimed the Oregon Territory for the US

A

Louis & Clark

25
Q

Land purchased by Jefferson from France for $15 million, doubling the size of the US - land was sold to settlers at VERY low prices, allowing many to vote for the first time

A

Louisiana Territory

26
Q

Prohibited from entering an abolitionist conference because she was a woman so she started the Seneca Falls Convention

A

Lucretia Mott

27
Q

Belief that God wanted America to stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific

A

Manifest Destiny

28
Q

Term given to California, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, and Nevada when they were added after the Mexican War

A

Mexican Cession (land added to US)

29
Q

War that began when Polk stationed troops at the Rio Grande river knowing that Mexico claimed that land - Polk wanted a war so that we could complete our “Manifest Destiny”

A

Mexican War

30
Q

President James Monroe’s statement that Europe should not colonize the Western Hemisphere any further - could only be enforced with the help of Britain’s navy

A

Monroe Doctrine

31
Q

Slave who led a violent uprising

A

Nat Turner

32
Q

Territory organized under the Articles of Confederation - prohibited slavery in those states

A

Northwest Ordinance

33
Q

Mexico claimed that this river was the southern border of Texas

A

Nueces River

34
Q

Belief of SC (and other southern states) that they could treat laws passed by the central government as if they didn’t exist - Used to nullify the “Tariff of Abominations”

A

Nullification

35
Q

Claimed by Lewis & Clark - Shared by Britain & the US until an agreement set the northern boundary of the US at the 49th parallel

A

Oregon Territory

36
Q

Believed ALL had an “Inner Light” so they were among the first Abolitionists

A

Quakers

37
Q

The US claimed that this was the southern boundary of Texas - James K. Polk sent troops there, which started the Mexican War

A

Rio Grande River

38
Q

Native American tribe that fought to maintain control of their land during the period of displacement - they lost their land anyway

A

Seminoles

39
Q

Women’s Rights Convention organized by Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton after being denied access to an antislavery convention because they were women

A

Seneca Falls Convention

40
Q

Belief that states have the right to ignore laws passed by the central government (Nullification / Tariff of Abominations)

A

States’ Rights

41
Q

Name for high tariff almost passed in the 1820s. SC threatens to either nullify the law or secede over the tariff, causing Andrew Jackson to threaten sending in the the army. SC backs down, but still believes it can nullify laws.

A

Tariff of Abominations

42
Q

Americans move into Mexico, then Mexico outlaws slavery so the Americans fight to rule themselves. This led to the?

A

Texan Revolution

43
Q

Normally believes in strict interpretation of the Constitution, but interprets it loosely to add the Louisiana Purchase to the US

A

Thomas Jefferson

44
Q

When the Cherokee Indians were forcibly moved by Andrew Jackson from GA to OK. 1/3 of them die on the way.

A

Trail of Tears

45
Q

Treaty ending the Mexican War. Forced Mexico to give us land including California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, and Utah for $15 million.

A

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

46
Q

Abolitionist newpaper publisher.

A

William Lloyd Garrison

47
Q

Laws passed in the early 1800’s stating that people who spoke out against the government could be imprisoned and foreigners could be deported. KY & VA passed resolutions refusing to obey these laws.

A

Alien and Sedition Acts

48
Q

Secretary of the Treasury in Washington’s cabinet. Frequently argued with Jefferson over their interpretation of the US Constitution. His followers called themselves “Federalists”

A

Hamilton

49
Q

Secretary of State in Washington’s cabinet. Frequently argued with Alexander Hamilton over their interpretation of the US Constitution. His followers called themselves “Democratic-Republicans”

A

Jefferson

50
Q

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court remembered for greatly strengthening the power of the court in cases like “Marbury v. Madison” and “Gibbons v. Ogden”

A

John Marshall

51
Q

Power of the Supreme Court to determine if laws passed by Congress are Constitutional. (Marbury v. Madison)

A

Judicial Review

52
Q

Court case remembered for instituting “Judicial Review”

A

Marbury v. Madison

53
Q

Hamilton & Jefferson argued over whether the US government had the power to create this to manage the $$ of the United States

A

National Bank

54
Q

People who interpret the Constitution literally and believe the government can do no more than what it specifically states

A

Strict Constructionists

55
Q

Statements issued by two states declaring that they would not obey the Alien & Sedition laws

A

VA & KY Resolutions

56
Q

One of the two original political parties - This one followed the strict Constitutional interpretation practices of Thomas Jefferson.

A

Democratic Republicans

57
Q

People who stretch their interpretation of the Constitution so that they can do whatever is “necessary and proper”

A

Loose Constructionists

US History (38 decks)

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