stages of learning

Question 1

what are the charcateristics of a cognitive learner

Answer 1

• Conscious thought
• Often jerky
• Mental picture
• Errors
• Trial & error

Question 2

what are the characteristics of an associative learner

Answer 2

• Practise
• Improvement
• Less jerky
• Error (still some)
• Detection & correction

Question 3

what are the characteristics of an autonomous learner

Answer 3

• Subconscious
• Habitual
• Accurate
• Grooved
• Spare attentional capacity

Question 4

describe the appropriate types of feedback for a cognitive learner

Answer 4

1. extrnisc feedback - verbally & visually given by coach or teacher
2. positive feedback - when movements are successful to reinforce skill learning
3. knowledge of results

Question 5

describe the appropriate types of guidance for an associative learner

Answer 5

1. visual guidence - to create a clear mental picture
2. with verbal to add meaning to demonstration
3. manual/mechanical guidence - if visual and verbal fail or if skill is too dangerous/ complex

Question 6

describe the appropriate types of feedbakc for an autonomous learner

Answer 6

1. knowledge of performance - fuel further improvements and refinements to technique
2. knowledge of results - knowing the outcome will help to keep up motivation
3. intrinsic - develop thier own sense of kinaethetic feel of movements
4. negative - can give info about an unsuccessful outcome which can be used to build more successful strategies
5. visual - too look at own performance e.g. vdeo replay & analysis

Question 7

describe the movements of a cognitive learner in refernce to badminton

Answer 7

• a novice badminton player will make lots of errors in their service technique
• serve will be jerky
• have to think a lot about how to serve
• create a clear mental image of service action

Question 8

describe the movements of an associative learner

Answer 8

• practice is important
• huge improvements are made
• movements become more fluent
• motor programmes are formed