Sport Topic 5-Perfoming with others Flashcards
What is team cohesiveness and what are factors that could affect it?
The strength of the bonds between each individual team member and the team.
coaching, sharing goals, communication and willingness of individuals to put the team first.
What are two types of team cohesion?
Social cohesion- The extent to which team members like each other and the satisfaction they get from their team membership
task cohesion- the extent to which members work together to achieve shared a specific goal.
What is Carron et al sample?
18 basketball teams and 9 football teams
What did carron et al find?
A positive correlation between team cohesiveness and successful performance. however, correlation coefficient still does not show cause and effect. it may be that cohesive teams preform better or it may be that teams became more cohesive as a result of shared success.
What did Challenandurai find in terms of leadership and performance?
Found the importance of the behaviour of the leader matching the preferences of the team- the ideal outcome for performance and team satisfaction is if there is an actual match between the required leader behaviour, their actual behaviour and the preferred leader behaviour of he team.
Explain the 3 types of leader behaviour in Chellandurai multi-dimensional model of leadership
prescribed leader behaviour-the behaviour the leader has to do. this is determined by the situation
Preferred leader behaviour- this is the type of the behaviour that the team would choose for their leader to perform. For example, they might want a supportive leader who would offer praise and encouragement.
actual leader behaviour- This is how the leader actually behaves and could be informed by both the prescribes and preferred behaviours in the given situation but also by the leader’s own personality characteristics and traits.
What does Chellandurai’s model suggest?
the ideal model suggests that the ideal model for effective sports leadership is when predicted, preferred and actual behaviour are all congruent. A leader could and should be flexible in adapting their behaviour to meet the demands of the situation
What is the application of team building?
The process of increasing the cohesiveness of a team, i.e to increase the emotional bonds between team embers and between each member and the team as a whole.
What are carron et al 4 points for team building?
-Increase team distinctiveness e.g. by a uniform
-Increase social cohesiveness, for example by holding team social events
-establish clear team goals
-improve team communication e.g. having productive meetings.
What is another application?
Training programme for coaches such as the coaches effectiveness training (CET)
What is the aim of Smith et al’s reasearch?
To test the effectiveness of a training programme for baseball coaches working with children. Specifically, researchers compared trained coaches with untrained controls in terms of observed behaviours, athlete evaluations of self and coach and athletes’ self-esteem.
What is the method and sample Smith used?
this was a field experiment, which used 34 male little league baseball coaches from Seattle with an average experience of 8 years.
the design was in dependent measures-IV: training programme or not.
DV: measures of coaching quality
What was the procedure for Smith’s study?
the experimental condition attended 2hr coach effectiveness training session which focused on how coaches can increase positive interactions and decrease negative interactions. this took the form of verbal presentation, modelling of desired behaviours and a leaflet to take away. DV was measured by blind covert observation of corah behaviour, plus interviews and questionnaires with players regarding their attitudes towards coach and baseball, self perception off own ability and their self-esteem.
What were the findings of Smith’s study?
coaches who had undertaken the programme were more likely to coach the children using positive reinforcement and encouragement and were less likely to punish the children. there was also a greater improvement in self esteem in players coaches by those trained in CET condition compared to the previous year. Those who previously had low self-esteem rated the coaches more highly in the experimental condition. Therefore such coach training seemed to be of mort benefit with low self-esteem athletes.
