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Pe > Sport And Society > Flashcards

Sport And Society Flashcards

1
Q

Society

A

An organised group of people associated for some specific purpose or with a shared common interest

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2
Q

Socialisation

A

A lifelong process where members of a society learn norm, values, ideas, practices and roles in order to take their place in that society

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3
Q

Society

A

~Human society is a group of people involved in persistent interpersonal relationships—> large social grouping sharing same geographical territory, same political authority and cultural expectations
~sum total of all relationships in a given space
~ success in sport on a global scale—> important measure of relative status of a society

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4
Q

Primary socialisation

A

Socialisation during early years of childhood
Mainly family
Key process in internalisation- learning values/attitudes that are incorporated within yourself
Taught basic values and norms; accepted behaviour patterns

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5
Q

Secondary socialisation

A

Later years- family less involved

School is an important part of social development- teaches important moral skills

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6
Q

Gender socialisation

A

Learning behaviour and attitudes historically considered appropriate for a given sex

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7
Q

Gender socialisation

A

Act of learning to conform to culturally defined gender roles through socialisation

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8
Q

Social control

A

A concept that refers to the way in which people’s thoughts, feelings , appearance and behaviour are regulated in social systems

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9
Q

Social control

A

Society made up of various institutions which work together for the benefit of society- variety of social processes which maintain order and social control
Social processes act as constraints and potentially limit opportunities

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10
Q

Institution

A

An established organisation founded for a religious, educational, professional or social purpose

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11
Q

Social change

A

Occurs when institutions re-adjust to meet new needs of groups in society such as women/ disabled

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12
Q

Social issues- inequality

A

Lack of money
Lack of self confidence
Lack of role models/ coaches/leaders
Myths or stereotypes about ability

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13
Q

Social issues

A

Problem that affect many people in society

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14
Q

Inequality

A

The unfair situation where resources or opportunities are distributed unevenly witching society

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15
Q

Social structures & stratification

A

Different social structures have an impact on and individual and their life opportunities e.g- type of school
Importance of stratification is that those at the top of the system have greater access to resources
Participation in sport is a chance for a new identity

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16
Q

Social structures

A

Organised pattern of social relationships and institutions that make up society; class is a common structure in the uk

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17
Q

Stratification

A

System of ranking within society

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18
Q

Social class

A

Term used to define social inequalities. Factors what ch contribute to social class include a persons job, family background, education and income

Activities maybe negatively affected by working class expectations

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19
Q

Sports clubs

A

Economic inequalities are also likely to impact on members of sports clubs, more middle/ upper class

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20
Q

Social action theory

A

This is a way of viewing socialisation, emphasising social action

Social network of people who share similar views produce and develop sports
People can intervene in social processes and change them

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21
Q

Interactionist approach

A
  • Study of how individuals behave within a society
  • People create a society and so sports clubs are seen as products of the interactions of various people involved.
  • sports are studied in terms of how they are created and given meaning by people
22
Q

Equal opportunities

A

Right to access the same opportunities, regardless of factors such as: race,age,sex,mental or physical capabilities

23
Q

Prejudice

A

To form an unfavourable opinion of an individual based on inadequate facts

24
Q

Discrimination

A

The unfair treatment of a person or minority group; to make a distinction and act on a prejudice.

25
Q

Covert discrimination

A

Hidden
Less obvious
Eg- not picking a player to be captain due to race

26
Q

Overt discrimination

A

Obvious
Visible
Eg- verbal racial abuse

27
Q

Benefits of participation

A
  • improves health/fitness
  • lowers stress,anxiety, depression
  • meting new people/friends
  • self confidence
  • sense of community
28
Q

Barriers to participation

A 
Lack of time 
Negative social influences
Lack of motivation 
Lack of skill 
Lack of resources/money 
Family obligations
29
Q

Lack of involvement

A

Disabled
Ethnic minorities
Women/ teenage girls

30
Q

Disability

A

When a mental, physical, or sensory impairment affects performance

31
Q

Inclusiveness

A

All people should have needs, abilities, and aspirations recognised, understood and met within a supportive environment

32
Q

Integration

A

Able bodied and disabled people taking part in the same activity at the same time

33
Q

Segregation

A

People with disabilities participating separately with other disabled performers

34
Q

Barriers for disabled people

A

Negative self image / lack of confidence
Low income levels- higher participation costs
Lack of specialist facilities/ equipment/ access
Lack of organised programs/coaches/teams
Lack of media coverage

35
Q

Solutions to disabled barriers

A

Providing more opportunities for success
Increase investment
Lower costs of specialists equipment and facilities
Train specialist coaches
Designing activities specialised for disabled people
Specialists organisations help to develop and promote disabled sports

36
Q

Race

A

The physical characteristics of an individual

37
Q

Racism

A

Set of beliefs or ideas based on the assumption that races have distinct hereditary characteristics that give some races an intrinsic superiority over others, may lead to physical/verbal abuse

38
Q

Channeling

A

Ethnic minorities may be pushed into certain sports and even positions within a team, based on the assumption about them

39
Q

Stacking

A

Th disproportionate concentration of ethnic minorities in certain positions in a sports team, which tends to be based on the stereotype that they are more valuable for their physicality than their decision making and communication

40
Q

Ethnic group

A

People who have racial, religious or linguistic traits in common

41
Q

Barriers to ethnic minorities

A

Conflict with religious beliefs/preferences
Discouragement of sports in some cultures
Fear of racism/prejudice
Fewer role models
Stereotypes/channelling

42
Q

Solutions to ethnic minorities

A

Training ethnic coaches/teachers/leaders
Ensuring single-sex provision e.g- for Muslim women
Publicising and punishing racist abuse
Improving PE provisions
Organising campaigns against racism

43
Q

Gender

A

Biological aspect of a person, either male or female

44
Q

Sexism

A

The belief that one sex is inferior to the other

45
Q

Barriers to women

A

Fewer role models/media coverage/opportunities
Fewer sponsorships
Low levels of self esteem/body image
Lack of leisure time- work and domestic responsibilities
Channelling into ‘feminine sport’
Fewer competitions/clubs

46
Q

Solutions to women

A 
Laws make sexual discrimination illegal 
More women working=disposable income 
Shared domestic responsibilities/childcare = leisure time 
Increased sponsorship/media coverage 
More clubs/competitions 
Educate to reject stereotypes
47
Q

Physical health benefits to participation in sport

A

Improved posture/body shape/body tone
Improve cardiovascular fitness/muscular endurance and strength
Improved flexibility/agility/coordination/balance
Improved speed/power

48
Q

Social benefits to participation in sport

A

Serotonin released- benefits emotionally and socially
Improve sleep patterns
Improve concentration
Improved emotional health/confidence/self esteem
New people, common interests, friendships
Positive use of free time

49
Q

Sport England mission

A

Work towards an active nation
Works with partners to try to increase participation
Try to provide opportunities to all

50
Q

Key principles to work towards an active nation

A

Use money and resources for activities
Investing in children and young people (5yrs-)
Help those already active carry on
Encourage innovation and sharing of best practice
Help deliver more experience of sport/physical activity
Help the sport active leisure sectors to become more welcoming and inclusive

Pe (23 decks)

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