Cohesion In Sports

Question 1

Cohesion

Answer 1

Desire of group members to achieve their goals
Forces acting to keep members within the group/ integrated and focussed
This can lead to success or can come from success
Can be task or social

Question 2

Task cohesion

Answer 2

Result/outcome based
Task cohesion can override the problems of poor social cohesion
Task cohesion provides high levels of motivation

Question 3

Social cohesion

Answer 3

Working together
Interaction
Social cohesion can form cliques and be negative aspect
A team can perform well without social cohesion

Question 4

Co-action

Answer 4

Everyone completes the task at the same time but separately.

Question 5

Interaction

Answer 5

Success depends on everyone completing different roles but having to integrate them all together

Question 6

Carrots Antecedent

Answer 6

Factors that may affect cohesion

Question 7

4 factors that influence cohesion

Answer 7

Environmental
Personal
Team
Leadership

Question 8

Environmental factors

Answer 8

Age, geography, contractual obligations
Time spent as a group
Size of the group- big equals social loafing and the Ringleman effect

Question 9

Personal factors

Answer 9

Do the group align in terms of aspirations, work ethic, opinions and values, happiness

Question 10

Team factors

Answer 10

More success = more cohesion
More time together greater cohesion
If a team is threatened then they can bind together

Question 11

Leadership factors

Answer 11

Leadership style shown by the captain or coach (autocratic, democratic, laissez faire)

Question 12

Influences on cohesion

Answer 12

Past success
Communication 
Size of group 
Type of sport 
Sharing common goals 
Personality 
Unequal pay/rewards 
Similarity/differences of group members

Question 13

Lack of cohesion is caused by

Answer 13

Bad timing 
Misunderstanding roles/instructions 
Poor strategies 
Lack of communication 
Poor tactics

Question 14

Steiner’s model

Answer 14

Actual productivity= potential productivity- loss due to faulty processes

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Question 15

Actual productivity

Answer 15

The team performance at a given time during the game

Question 16

Potential productivity

Answer 16

Maximum capability of the group when cohesiveness is strongest

Question 17

Faulty process

Answer 17

Factors that go wrong to reduce group outcomes and prevent group potential being reached
Two types: Motivation & Co-ordination

Question 18

Co-ordination problems

Answer 18

Tactics
Strategies
Communication
Interaction required in sport

Question 19

Motivation problems

Answer 19

Social loafing

Ringelmann effect

Question 23

Ringlemann effect

Answer 23

When group performance decreases with group size

Question 24

Social loafing

Answer 24

Individual loss of motivation in a team player due to a lack of performance identification when individual efforts are not recognised

Question 25

Causes of social loafing

Answer 25

Low confidence
Negative attitude
Poor leadership
No recognition of previous performances
Failure to understand a role
Lack of fitness

Question 26

Preventing social loafing

Answer 26

Peer group pressure
Statistics 
Give roles 
Set goals 
Highlighting individual performance
Encourage group identity e.g-kit
Punish social loafing