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Microbiology > Spiral Bacteria > Flashcards

Spiral Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Spiral Bacteria (Spirochetes)

A

Gram-negative
unicellular
- Vibrio cholerae
- Treponema pallidum
- Borrelia burgdorferi
- Leptospira interrogans
- Campylobacter jejuni

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2
Q

Vibrio cholerae Diseases
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Asiatic cholera
  • Rice Water Stool: whitish color to feces
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3
Q

Vibrio cholerae Characteristics
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Spiral, comma, or curve shaped
  • Causes severe dehydration, which leads to organ failure
  • Foodborne illness
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4
Q

Vibrio cholerae Virulence
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Cholera toxin
    (blocks water absorption, bicarbonates, chlorides, electrolytes etc from entering the intestinal lining (toxin causes the body to not absorb water/nutrients)
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5
Q

Vibrio cholerae Portals of Entry and Exit
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Broken Skin: Through burn wounds
  • GI Tract: Ingestion of contaminated food/water
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6
Q

Vibrio cholerae Modes of Transmission
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Indirect: Ingestion of contaminated food/water
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7
Q

Treponema pallidum Diseases
Spiral Bacteria

A

-Exclusively found in humans

  • Syphilis
    • Acquired Syphilis: Received through direct sexual contact
    • Congenital Syphilis: Infected pregnant woman passes infection to unborn child
    • 4 Stages of Syphilis
      1. Primary Syphilis: Chancre sore form (small hard ulcers)
      2. Secondary Syphillis: Skin rashes form on the hands and feet
      3. Latent/Hidden: Symptoms disappear
      4. Tertiary Syphilis: Gummas form (rubber-like lesions); other severe symptoms including dementia, madness, tumors occur. People usually do not get to this stage because of modern medicine
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8
Q

Treponema pallidum Characteristics
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Spiral shaped
  • Spirochete
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9
Q

Treponema pallidum Virulence
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Teflon pathogen: named this because the body can not provide an effective defense against it
  • Crosses the placenta
  • Enzymes
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10
Q

Treponema pallidum Portals of Entry and Exit
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Placenta
  • GI Tract
  • Sexual Contact
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11
Q

Treponema pallidum Modes of Transmission
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Direct: STD acquired through direct sexual contact
  • Direct: Congenital/placental transmission
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12
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi Diseases
Spiral Bacteria

A

Lyme Disease/ Lyme Borreliosis: Creates a Bull’s eye rash

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13
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi Characteristics
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Spiral shaped
  • Spirochete
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14
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi Virulence
Spiral Bacteria

A

Endoflagella/Axial Filamanets (allows the pathogen to rotate in a corkscrew motion)

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15
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi Portals of Entry and Exit
Spiral Bacteria

A

Broken Skin: Tick bite allows pathogen to enter body

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16
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi Modes of Transmission
Spiral Bacteria

A

Indirect: Biological Insect Transmission from an infected Deer Tick

17
Q

Leptospira interrogans Diseases
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Leptospirosis/Infectious Jaundice: Biphasic (2-part)disease that starts with flu-like symptoms and later progresses into liver damage, and renal failure
  • Weil’s Disease: Advanced case of severe liver and kidney damage; secondary disease to leptospirosis
18
Q

Leptospira interrogans Characteristics
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Spiral shaped
  • Spirochete
  • Zoonosis
19
Q

Leptospira interrogans Virulence
Spiral Bacteria

A

High lipid content in bacterial cell wall

20
Q

Leptospira interrogans Portals of Entry and Exit
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Broken Skin
  • GI Tract: Ingestion
21
Q

Leptospira interrogans Modes of Transmission
Spiral Bacteria

A

Indirect: Ingestion of contaminated water (possibly from animal urine)

22
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Diseases
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Campylobacteriosis/Campylobacter gastroenteritis
  • Guillian-Barre Syndrome (GBS): rare condition that causes temporary paralysis
23
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Characteristics
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Spiral-shaped or vibrio (comma or curved)
  • Non-spore forming
  • Gram-Negative
  • Food-borne illness
24
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Virulence
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Enterotoxin
  • Flagella
25
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Portals of Entry and Exit
Spiral Bacteria

A

GI Tract: Ingestion

26
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Modes of Transmission
Spiral Bacteria

A
  • Indirect: Ingestion of contaminated food/ water

Microbiology (22 decks)

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