Quarter 3 Final Exam Flashcards
Pyogenic Bacteria
- Pus-Forming Bacteria
Staph aureus
Strep agalactiae
Strep pneumonia
Strep pyogenes
Nesseria gonorrhoeae
Neisseria meningtitdis
Staphylococcus aureus Diseases
Pyogenic
- Food Poisoning
- Skin Abscesses: boils
- Toxic Shock
- Nosocomial Infections
- Impetigo/School Sores: contagious red sores
- Scalded Skin Syndrome
Streptococcus pneumonia/Pneumococcus Diseases
Pyogenic
- Lobar pneumonia: Inflammation of one or several lung lobes
- Otitis Media: Middle ear infection
- Meningitis or pneumococcal meningitis: Infection of the cerebrospinal fluid
Streptococcus agalactiae Diseases
Pyogenic
- Bacterial Sepsis (STREP SEP)
- Meningitis
- Seizures
- Psychomotor Retardation
- Uterine Infections
Streptococcus pyogenes Diseases
Pyogenic
- Strep Throat: Sore throat
- Rheumatic Fever: Inflammatory disease that occurs when strep throat or scarlet fever are not resolved
- Scarlet Fever: (Childbirth Fever) Red rash, strawberry tongue, desquamation of skin
- Puerperal Sepsis: Nosocomial infection of the uterus from childbirth or abortion
- Impetigo: Localized skin infection with small vesicles that turn into weeping lesions
- Erysopelas: (St. Anthony’s Fire) Localized skin infection that causes an intense burning sensation
Characteristics of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus
Pyogenic
Spherical (staph=grapelike, step=chains)
Gram-Positive
Facultative Anaerobe
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Diseases
Pyogenic
- Gonorrhea: STD infection of the genitals
- Ophthalmia Neonatorum: Congenital infection spread from the mother to the eyes of the baby during childbirth
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: (PID) Infection of the female reproductive organs
Neisseria meningitidis Diseases
Pyogenic
- Epidemic Meningitis: (Meningococcal meningitis): Infection of the meninges
- Meningococcemia: Bacteria spread to blood stream
- Waterhouse-Fredichsen Syndrome: Spontaneous bleeding in the subcutaneous tissues causing appearance of purple patches on the skin
Characteristics of Neisseria
- Spherical
- Diplococcus
- Pyogenic
- Aerobic
- Gram-Negative
- Virulence: pili/fimbriae and endotoxins (N. meningitidis also has a capsule)
Spore-Forming Bacilli
Bacillus anthracis
Clostridium botulinum
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium tetani
Clostridium botulinum Diseases
spore-forming
- Food-borne Botulism: FLACCID PARALYSIS, cardiac & respiratory failure, nausea, double or blurred vision
- Infant Botulism
- Wound Botulism: wounds are infected with spores
Clostridium tetani Diseases
spore-forming
Tetanus/Lockjaw: prevents muscle relaxation,RIGID PARALYSIS, asphyxiation (from muscle tensing)
Clostridium perfringens diseases
spore-forming
- Gas Gangrene/Myonecrosis: Bacteria gather in an injury or surgical wound that has no blood supply.
The bacterial infection produces toxins that release gas and cause tissue death (antemortem) - Tissue Gas: Postmortem form of tissue gas; can spread through instruments
- Food Poisoning
Characteristics of Clostridium
C. Botulinum, C perferfringens, C tetani
- Endospore
- Rod-shaped
- Gram-Positive
- Obligate Anaerobe
Common Virulence: Endospores, (C. Botulinum and C. tetani both give off neurotoxins which cause flaccid and rigid paralysis)
Bacillus anthracis Diseases
spore-forming
- Skin Anthrax/Skin Cutaneous Infection: Non-pus Lesions called ESCHARS leave a ring of small blisters that surround a dark center
- Pulmonary Anthrax/ Wool-sorter’s Disease/Inhalation Anthrax
- Typhoidal Anthrax/ Ingestion Anthrax
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Bordatella pertussis
- Haemphilus influenzae
- Yersinia Pestis
- Francisella tularensis
Bordatella pertussis Diseases
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Whooping Cough/Pertussis: Convulsive, painful coughing
Stage 1: Incubation Stage: no outward symptoms
Stage 2: Catarrhal Stage: Common cold-like symptoms
Stage 3:Paroxysmal Stage: Spasmodic or convulsive coughing; ciliary escalator in lungs stop; peak of the disease
Stage 4: Convalescent Stage: Recovery
Yersinia Pestis Diseases
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Bubonic Plague/Black Death: Infection of the lymphatic system; Lesions called BUBOS form
- Septicemic Plague: Infection in the blood stream
- Pneumonic Plague
Both the septicemic and pneumonic plagues can be secondary infections from the bubonic plague or be spread on their own
Haemophilus influenzae Diseases
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Bacterial Influenzal Meningitis:
- Hib Meningitis
- Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis
Meningitis is an infection of the meninges, membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
Francisella tularensis Diseases
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Tularemia/Rabbit Fever/Deerfly Fever
- Skin Infection
- GI Infection
- Pneumonic Infection
Enteric Bacteria
- Affects GI system
- Gram-negative
- Non-spore forming
- Facultatitivley anaerobic
- Bacillus (rod-shaped)
Salmonella typhi
Shigella dysenteriae
Echerichia coli
Klebsiella pneumoniae (only nonmotile enteric)
Proteus mirabilis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Klebsiella pneumoniae Diseases
Enteric
- Lobar Pneumonia
- Hospital Acquired/ Nosocomial Pneumonia
- Gastroenteritis
- Urinary Tract Infections
Vibrio cholerae diseases
Spirochete
- Rice Water Stool: whitish color to feces
- Asiatic cholera
Treponema pallidum Diseases
Spirochete
-Exclusively found in humans
- Syphilis
- Acquired Syphilis: Received through direct sexual contact
- Congenital Syphilis: Infected pregnant woman passes infection to unborn child
- 4 Stages of Syphilis
- Primary Syphilis: Chancre sore form (small hard ulcers)
- Secondary Syphillis: Skin rashes form on the hands and feet
- Latent/Hidden: Symptoms disappear
- Tertiary Syphilis: Gummas form (rubber-like lesions); other severe symptoms including dementia, madness, tumors occur. People usually do not get to this stage because of modern medicine
Borrelia burgdorferi Diseases
Spirochete
Lyme Disease/ Lyme Borreliosis: Bull’s eye rash
Leptospira interrogans Diseases
Spirochete
- Leptospirosis/Infectious Jaundice: Biphasic (2-part)disease that starts with flu-like symptoms and later progresses into liver damage, and renal failure
- Weil’s Disease: Advanced case of severe liver and kidney damage
Campylobacter jejuni Diseases
Spirochete
- Campylobacteriosis/Campylobacter gastroenteritis
- Guillian-Barre Syndrome (GBS): rare condition that causes temporary paralysis
Mycoplasma pneumonia Diseases
Primary Atypical Pneumonia (Walking Pneumonia)
Rickettsia prowazekii Diseases
Epidemic Typhus (Louse borne Typhus): Fever and Skin Rash
Prowszekii=ePidemic typhus
Rickettsia typhi Diseases
Endemic Typhus (Flea borne Typhus, Murine Typhus): Fever and Skin Rash
(Less aggressive illness than Epidemic Typhus; self-resolving)
Rickettsia rickettsii Diseases
- Rocky Mountain Fever (Tick borne Typhus, Murine Typhus): Fever and Skin Rash
RickRick=Tick
Coxiella burnetii Diseases
- Q Fever: fever and skin rash
q for query=unknown
Chlamydia trachomatis Diseases
- Trachoma: Infectious eye disease
- Nongonococcal utrehtritis (NGU)
- Reiter’s Syndrome: urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis appear simultaneously
- Non-specific urethritis (NSU)
- Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
- Inclusion Conjunctivitis
Chlamydia psittaci Diseases
Psittacosis (Parrot Fever,Ornithosis): Lung infection
Cornyebacterium diphtherieae Diseases
- Diphtheria: inflammation of themucousmembranes, formation of a false membrane in the throat thathinders breathing and swallowing
- Two Types: Pulmonary Diphtheria or Cutaneous Diphtheria
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Diseases
- Tuberculosis: A potentially serious infectious bacterial disease that mainly affects the lungs.
- Two Types
- Pulmonary Tuberculosis
- Miliary Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis leaves the lungs and travels to other organs when tubercles burst
Mycobacterium avium Diseases
Opportunistic Form of Tuberculosis (especially among AIDs carriers)
Legionella pneumophilia Diseases
- Legionnaires’s Diseases/Legionellosis (Pneumonia like disease)
- Pontiac Fever (Milder form of Legionellosis)
Listeria monocytogenes Diseases
Listeriosis/Listeria
