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Microbiology > (Q4) Prions and Dermotropic Viruses (Ch. 27) > Flashcards

(Q4) Prions and Dermotropic Viruses (Ch. 27) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Prions

A
  • Small, proteinaceous, infectious, particles that are resistant to most procedures that modify nucleic acids.
  • Obligate intracellular parasites
  • Nonliving agent
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2
Q

Why are prions dangerous to the embalmer?

A
  • They resist inactivation by heat, formaldehyde, Ultraviolet light, and ionizing radiation
  • Not destroyed by proteases or nucleases
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3
Q

(Transmissible) Spongiform Encephalopathies

A
  • Diseases caused by prions
  • neurodegenerative brain disorders (that cause the brain to look like a” sponge”)
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4
Q

What is a common denominator of all prion disorders?

A
  • Amyloid Deposits
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5
Q

Amyloid

A

A general term for any intracellular starch-like protein deposit

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6
Q

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)

A
  • A degenerative brain disorder that leads to dementia and death
  • Disorder is caused by a prion
  • Can occur spontaneously, be genetic, or be transmitted through contact with contaminated tissue
  • Affects 1/1 Million people
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7
Q

Dermotropic Viruses

A
  • Viruses that manifest themselves as lesions on the skin
  • Rubeola Virus
  • Rubella Virus
  • Varicella Zoster Virus
  • Herpes Zoster Virus
  • Herpes Simplex-1
  • Herpes Simplex-2
  • Smallpox Virus
  • (Monkeypox Virus)
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8
Q

Rubeola Virus

A
  • Measles Virus
  • Highly contagious disease
  • A type of pox virus
  • causes skin lesions and rashes, oral lesions
  • Effective Vaccine: MMR vaccine
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9
Q

Rubeola Virus Portal of Entry and Exit

A

Respiratory Tract

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10
Q

Rubeola Virus Mode of Transmission

A

Droplet Transmission

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11
Q

What are the oral lesions caused by the Rubeola Virus?

A

Koplik’s Spots

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12
Q

Rubella Virus

A
  • German Measles, 3-Day Measles
  • Milder form of measles
  • Causes skin lesions and rashes
  • Is able to cross the placenta and cause congenital rubella
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13
Q

Rubella Virus Portal of Entry and Exit

A
  • Respiratory Tract
  • Placenta
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14
Q

Rubella Virus Mode of Transmission

A
  • Direct: Droplet Transmission
  • Indirect: Congenital
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15
Q

Varicella Zoster Virus

A
  • Chickenpox
  • A herpes virus
  • Causes skin lesions and rashes
  • Serious complications associated with younger children (Reye’s Syndrome)
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16
Q

Herpes Zoster Virus

A
  • Shingles Virus
  • Reactivation of the dormant Varicella Zoster Virus
  • A herpes virus
  • Usually affects older people
17
Q

Varicella Zoster Virus/Herpes Zoster Virus Portal of Entry and Exit

A
  • Respiratory Tract
18
Q

Varicella Zoster Virus/Herpes Zoster Virus Mode of Transmission

A
  • Droplet Transmission
19
Q

Herpes Simplex-1 Virus

A
  • Cold Sores
  • Causes oral lesions (cold sores and fever blisters)
  • Type of herpes virus
20
Q

Herpes Simplex-1 Virus Portal of Entry and Exit

A
  • Mucous Membranes
  • Broken Skin
21
Q

Herpes Simplex-1 Virus Mode of Transmission

A
  • Direct: Lesions touch Broken Skin
  • Direct: Fluid transmission (saliva)
22
Q

Herpes Simplex-2

A
  • Genital Herpes
  • Causes genital lesions
  • Type of herpes virus
23
Q

Herpes Simplex-2 Virus Portal of Entry and Exit

A
  • Genital
  • Placenta/Birth Canal
24
Q

Herpes Simplex-2 Virus Mode of Transmission

A
  • Direct: Sexual Contact
  • Indirect: Congenital through placenta or birth canal
25
Q

What is an important characteristic about herpes viruses?

A
  • These viruses have reactivation potential
  • Can infect someone, lay dormant in the body for long periods of time, before reappearing
26
Q

Variola Virus

A
  • Smallpox
  • The first vaccine created was for smallpox
  • First pathogen related disease that is considered “extinct”
27
Q

Variola Virus Portal of Entry and Exit

A
  • Respiratory Tract
28
Q

Variola Virus Mode of Transmission

A
  • Droplet Transmission
29
Q

What do many of the deratropic virus’s have in common?

A

All of them except for Herpes Simplex 1 and 2 have the respiratory tract for portal of entry/exit and droplet transmission for mode of transmission

Microbiology (22 decks)

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