Small Gram Negative Bacilli Flashcards
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Bordatella pertussis
- Haemphilus influenzae
- Yersinia Pestis
- Francisella tularensis
Bordatella pertussis Diseases
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Whooping Cough/Pertussis: Convulsive, painful coughing
Stage 1: Incubation Stage: no outward symptoms
Stage 2: Catarrhal Stage: Common cold-like symptoms
Stage 3:Paroxysmal Stage: Spasmodic or convulsive coughing; ciliary escalator in lungs stop; peak of the disease
Stage 4: Convalescent Stage: Recovery
Bordatella pertussis Characteristics
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Rod Shaped (coccobacillus)
- Gram-Negative: cell wall is thin; pink when stained’ penicillin-resistant
- Obligate Aerobic: microorganisms that can only live in the presence of oxygen, because they need oxygen to metabolize sugars
- High Risk for Children
Bordetella pertussis Virulence
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Capsule (resists phagocytosis)
- Toxins
Bordetella pertussis Portal of Entry and Exit
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
Respiratory Tract: Droplet transmission or inhalation; exit through coughing or snot
Bordetella pertussis Modes of Transmission
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Direct: Droplet transmission
Haemophilus influenzae Diseases
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Bacterial Influenzal Meningitis:
- Hib Meningitis
- Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis
Meningitis is an infection of the meninges, membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
Haemophilus influenzae Characteristics
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Rod Shaped (bacillus)
- Facultative Anaerobe: prefer oxygen but can go without it if forced to
- Gram-Negative: cell wall is thin; pink when stained; penicillin-resistant
- Non-motile
Haemophilus influenzae Virulence
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
Capsule (resists phagocytosis)
Haemophilus influenzae Portals of Entry and Exit
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
Respiratory Tract: Droplets or inhalation; exit through coughing or snot
Haemophilus influenzae Modes of Transmission
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
Direct: Droplet transmission
Yersinia Pestis Diseases
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Bubonic Plague/Black Death: Infection of the lymphatic system; Lesions called BUBOS form
- Septicemic Plague: Infection in the blood stream
- Pneumonic Plague
Both the septicemic and pneumonic plagues can be secondary infections from the bubonic plague or be spread on their own
Yersinia Pestis Characteristics
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Rod Shaped (bacillus)
- Facultative Anaerobe: prefer oxygen but can go without it if forced to
- Gram-Negative: cell wall is thin; pink when stained; penicillin-resistant
Yersinia Pestis Virulence
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
Capsule (resists phagocytosis)
Yersinia Pestis Portals of Entry and Exit
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Broken Skin: through an infected animal bite (Bubonic Plague)
- Respiratory Tract: Droplets/coughing (Pneumonic Plague)
Yersinia Pestis Modes of Transmission
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Direct: Droplet transmission
- Indirect: Bite from an Insect vector (rat flea) or Biological vector (an animal/rat bitten by a rat-flea)
Francisella tularensis Diseases
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Tularemia/Rabbit Fever/Deerfly Fever
- Skin Infection
- GI Infection
- Pneumonic Infection
Francisella tularensis Characteristics
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Rod Shaped (bacillus)
- Facultative Anaerobe: prefer oxygen but can go without it if forced to
- Gram-Negative: cell wall is thin; pink when stained; penicillin-resistant
- Non-motile
Francisella tularensis Virulence
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
Capsule (resists phagocytosis)
Francisella tularensis Portals of Entry and Exit
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Skin
- Respiratory Tract
- GI Tract
Francisella tularensis Modes of Transmission
Small Gram-Negative Bacilli
- Direct: Direct Contact with animal host
- Indirect: Insect vector (deerflies, rabbit lice, ticks)
- Indirect: Ingestion
- Indirect: Airborne transmission
