(Q4) Pneumotropic and Neurotropic Viruses (Ch. 27) Flashcards
Pneumotropic Viruses
Viruses directed toward or having an affinity for lung tissues
- Influenza Virus
- Rhinoviruses and Coronaviruses
- Hantavirus
Influenza Virus
- Influenza/”Flu”
- Causes fever, chills, cough, sore throat, fatigue
- Variances: Swine Flu, Hong Kong Flu, Asiatic Flu, Avian Flu, Equine Flu
- Vaccines available
Influenza Virus Portal of Entry
- Respiratory Tract
Influenza Virus Mode of Transmission
- Droplet Transmission
Rhinoviruses and Coronaviruses
- Major viruses that cause the Common Cold
- Many different viruses beyond rhinoviruses and coronaviruses cause the cold; therefore vaccine creation for the cold is unlikely
Rhinoviruses and Coronaviruses Portal of Entry
- Respiratory Tract
Rhinoviruses and Coronaviruses Mode of Transmission
- Droplet Transmission
Hantavirus
- Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)/ Four Corner’s Disease
- Rodent-borne virus
- Causes hemorrhaging, lung infection, and kidney problems
Hantavirus Portal of Entry and Exit
- Respiratory
Hantavirus Mode of Transmission
Inhalation of airborne particles (airborne viral particles from the dried excreta of rodents)
Neurotropic Viruses
- Viruses that are capable of infecting nerve tissue
- Rhabdovirus
- Poliovirus
- Arboviruses
Rhabdovirus
- Rabies
- Causes brain degeneration, inability to swallow, increases the violent reaction to the sight, sound, or thought of water (hydrophobia)
- Death follows from respiratory paralysis
Rhabdovirus Portal of Entry and Exit
Broken skin
Rhabdovirus Mode of Transmission
Bite from an infected animal
Poliovirus
- Polio/poliomyelitis
- Gray matter of the nervous tissue of the brain and spinal cord is affected
- Two vaccines: Salk and Sabin
Salk
Inactivated, injected vaccine for polio
Sabin
attenuated, oral vaccine for polio
Poliovirus Portal of Entry and Exit
GI Tract
Poliovirus Mode of Transmission
Ingestion of contaminated food or water
Arboviruses
- Cause types of Arboviral Encephalitis
- Arthropod-borne (Arbo) viruses
Examples:
- West Nile Virus: a single-stranded RNA virus that causes West Nile fever.
- Western Equine Virus
- La Crosse Virus
- Japanese B Virus
- St. Louis Virus
- California Virus
Arboviruses Portal of Entry and Exit
Broken Skin
Arbovirus Mode of Transmission
Bite of an infected mosquito
(horses and birds are natural reservoirs of the viruses)
