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KINE 318: Athletic Injuries > Spine Injuries > Flashcards

Spine Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

Axial loading of the cervical vertebra from a force
to the top of the head combined with flexion of the neck

A

Cervical Fracture MOI

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2
Q

How deep does the water need to be to your height?

A

twice as deep

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3
Q

point tender;
restricted movement;
cervical muscle spasm;
pain,
numbness;
weakness;
paralysis in limbs or trunk;
loss of bladder and/or bowel control

A

Cervical Fracture S/S

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4
Q

Violent flexion and rotation of the neck

A

Cervical Dislocation MOI

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5
Q

pain
numbness
muscle weakness
paralysis
head tilt

A

Cervical Dislocation S/S

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6
Q

treat for neck injury
refer MD

A

Cervical Dislocation TX

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7
Q

Whiplash

A

Cervical Sprain DEF

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8
Q

Sudden jerking or “whipping” of the neck

A

Cervical Sprain MOI

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9
Q

pain;
point tender;
restricted motion;
muscle guarding

A

Cervical Sprain S/S

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10
Q

refer to MD;
PRICEMM

A

Cervical Sprain TX

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11
Q

Wryneck

A

Acute Torticollis

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12
Q

spasm of the sternocleidomastoid muscle;
congenital

A

Acute Torticollis MOI

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13
Q

point tender;
muscle spasm;
restricted movement;
muscle guarding

A

Acute Torticollis S/S

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14
Q

PRICEMM;
joint mobilizations;
x-ray;
bracing

A

Acute Torticollis TX

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15
Q

lacerations;
hemorrhage;
contusion;
shock

A

Cervical Cord and Nerve Root Injuries MOI

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16
Q

paralysis;
complete loss of motor function and sensation below the level of laceration

A

Cervical Cord and Nerve Root Injuries S/S

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17
Q

handle with caution;
refer to MD

A

Cervical Cord and Nerve Root Injuries

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18
Q

the narrowing of the spinal canal in the cervical region that can impinge the spinal cord

A

Cervical Spine Stenosis

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19
Q

congenital variation

A

Cervical Spine Stenosis MOI

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20
Q

quadriplegia;
hyperextension;
hyperflexion;
burning;
tingling;
motor weakness

A

Cervical Spine Stenosis S/S

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21
Q

refer to MD;
diagnostic test;
x-rays;
MRI

A

Cervical Spine Stenosis TX

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22
Q

extruded posterolateral disk fragment;
degeneration of the disk;
sustained repetitive cervical loading during contact sports

A

Cervical Disk Herniation MOI

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23
Q

pain in the neck;
restriction of neck motion;
motor weakness

A

Cervical Disk Herniation S/S

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24
Q

rest;
immobilize;
possibly surgery

A

Cervical Disk Herniation TX

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25
Q

compression of the neurovascular structures as they exit through the thoracic outlet (marked by the anterior scalene muscle anteriorly, the middle scalene posteriorly, and the first rib inferiorly). The brachial plexus and the subclavian artery exit through the thoracic outlet

A

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

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26
Q

compression by the anterior or middle scalene muscles

presence of a cervical rib

hypertrophy of the subclavian muscle

posterior angulation and/or callous formation following a clavicular fracture

compression at the insertion of the pectoralis minor

A

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome MOI

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27
Q

pain
altered or absent sensation
weakness
fatigue
feeling of heaviness of the arm
worse when arm is abducted and externally rotated

A

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome S/S

28
Q

PRICEMM;
rehab;
possible surgery

A

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome TX

29
Q

5 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome DIAG

A
  1. Adson’s
  2. Allens’s
  3. Military Brace Position
  4. Roos
30
Q

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome DIAG where distal pulse dimishes or stops

A

Adson’s Test

31
Q

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome DIAG

squeeze hands back and forth
if you have problems = +

A

Roo’s test

32
Q

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome DIAG
pull shoulders back & compressing down w/ pectoralis minor

A

Military Brace Position

33
Q

rupture or protrusion of the nucleus pulpous through the annulus fibrosis;

A

Lumbar Herniation MOI

34
Q

localized pain;
radiating pain down through the legs;
loss of skin sensation;
muscle weakness

A

Lumbar Herniation S/S

35
Q

refer to MD;
rest;
exercises;
possibly surgery

A

Lumbar Herniation TX

36
Q

Outside the “donut” in Lumbar herniation

A

annulus fibrosis

37
Q

jelly inside the donut in lumbar herniation

A

nucleus pulpous

38
Q

inflammatory condition of the sciatic nerve;
peripheral nerve root compression from intervertebral disk protrusion;
structural irregularities;
tightness of the piriformis muscle***

A

Sciatica MOI

39
Q

sharp shooting pain in back of leg;
tingling;
numbness;
sensitive to palpation

A

Sciatica S/S

40
Q

PRICEMM;
NSAID’s;
lumbar traction;
stretching;
possibly surgery

A

Sciatica TX

41
Q

defect in pars interarticularis;
maybe congenital or acquired

A

Spondylolysis DEF

42
Q

forward slippage of a vertebra through the spondylitic defect; usually between the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebra or 5th and the sacrum

A

Spondylolisthesis DEF

43
Q

low back pain (especially with hyperextension);
radiating pain

A

Spondylolisthesis S/S

44
Q

rest;
drug therapy;
bracing;
restriction of activities;
possible spinal fusion

A

Spondylolisthesis TX

45
Q

sudden extension contraction on an overload,
unprepared,
undeveloped spine with trunk rotation;
faulty posture that involves excessive lordosis

A

Lumbar Strain MOI

46
Q

discomfort in low back;
pain

A

Lumbar Strains S/S

47
Q

PRICEMM;
NSAID’s

A

Lumbar Strains TX

48
Q

Extremely important and includes: major complaint, general observation (look for obvious asymmetries from front, side, back), detailed inspection while athlete is standing, supine, side lying, and prone, and functional evaluation (muscle strength, flexibility, sensation, and reflexes)

A

Assessment of the Lower Back

49
Q
  1. Limitation of activity
  2. Antiinflammatory/muscle relaxant medications
  3. Cold and/or heat application and ultrasound
  4. Passive exercise
  5. Active exercise (Williams flexion or McKenzie extension)
  6. Relaxation training
  7. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) application
A

Rehabilitation

50
Q

Education for proper back usage
a. Sleep on firm mattress
b. Sleep on side with legs curled up or back with a pillow
under knees
c. Sit so that thighs are slightly elevated
d. Stand with back flat and knees slightly bent
e. Back firmly against the back of a chair
f. Do not bend over without bending knees
g. Do not twist trunk when placing a load down
h. Carry heavy or bulky objects close to the body
i. Lift heavy objects fromthe floor by keeping the back
straight and bending knees
j. Avoid carrying unbalances loads

A

Rehabilitation

51
Q

3 Preventing Low Back Injuries

A
  1. Correction, amelioration or compensation of functional postural
    deviations
  2. Maintenance or increase of trunk and general body flexibility
  3. Increase of trunk and general body strength
52
Q

2 most common areas for lumbar herniation

A
  1. L4/L5
  2. L5/S1
53
Q

What type of mattress should you sleep on?

A

firm mattress

54
Q

On what side do you sleep w/ legs curled up or back with a pillow under knees

A

left side

55
Q

Sit so that thighs are slightly

A

elevated

56
Q

stand w/ back ____ & knees slightly _____

A

flat & bent

57
Q

back _____ against the back of a chair

A

firmly

58
Q

Do you bend over w/o bending knees

A

NO, bend your knees before bending over

59
Q

Do not _____ trunk when placing a load down

A

twist

60
Q

Carry heavy or bulky objects _____ to the body

A

close

61
Q

lift heavy objects from the floor by keeping the back _____ and ____ knees

A

straight & bending

62
Q

avoid carrying ______ loads

A

unbalanced

63
Q

Assessment of the Low back

A
  1. Major Complaint
  2. general observation
    • look for obvious asymmetries from front, side, back
  3. Detailed inspection while athlete is standing, supine, side lying, & prone
  4. Functional Evaluation
    • muscle strength, flexibility, sensation and reflexes
64
Q

Functional Evaluation consist of

A

Muscle Strength
Flexibility
Sensation
Reflexes

65
Q

TENS application stands for

A

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

66
Q

Active Exercise

A
  1. Williams Flexion
  2. McKenzie extension
67
Q

medication for rehabilitation

A

antiinflammatory / muscle relaxant

KINE 318: Athletic Injuries (27 decks)

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