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KINE 318: Athletic Injuries > Head Injuries > Flashcards

Head Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

blow the head or skull fracture that tears the meningeal arteries

A

epidural hematoma moi

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2
Q

loss of consciousness
head pains
dizziness
nausea
dilation of one pupil (usually on the same side of the injury)
sleepiness

A

epidural hematoma s/s

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3
Q

CT scan
Surgery

A

epidural hematoma TX

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4
Q

acceleration/deceleration forces that tear vessels that bridge the dura mater & the brain

A

subdural hematoma moi

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5
Q

unconsciousness
dilation of one pupil
headache
dizziness
nausea
sleepiness

A

subdural hematoma s/s

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6
Q

immediate medical attention
CT scan
MRI

A

subdural hematoma TX

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7
Q

blunt trauma to the skull

A

skull fracture MOI

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8
Q

severe headache
nausea
blood in the middle ear or ear canal
bleeding through nose
ecchymosis around the eyes (raccoon eyes)
ecchymosis around the ears (battle’s signs)
cerebrospinal fluid may appear in the ear canal & nose

A

Skull Fracture s/s

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9
Q

immediate hospitalization
referral to neurosurgeion

A

skull fracture TX

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10
Q

agitation or shaking from being hit
direct or indirect blow

A

concussion moi

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11
Q

occurs following a concussion

A

postconcussion syndrome moi

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12
Q

headache
impaired memory
lack of concentration
anxiety
irritability
giddiness
fatigue
depression
visual disturbances

A

postconcussion syndrome s/s

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13
Q

treat symptoms not allow to return to play until ALL symptoms have resolved

A

postconcussion syndrome

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14
Q

rapid swelling & herniation of the brain after a second head injury that occurs before the symptoms of a previous head injury has resolved

A

second impact syndrome moi

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15
Q

dilated pupils
loss of eye movement
loss of consciousness leading to coma
respiratory failure

A

second impact syndrome s/s

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16
Q

second impact syndrome tx

A

medical emergency

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17
Q

What % of most diagnosed concussions do not involve a loss of consciousness

A

90%

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18
Q

who determines if player is ready or not to return

A

physician

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19
Q

a computer program in which symptoms checklist, concussion history & neuropsychological testing

A

Impact Testing

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20
Q

Sports Tested for baseline

A

In the past baseball, basketball, diving, equestrian, football, pole vaulting, soccer, & softball

All sports tested now

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21
Q

3 neurocognitive testing

A
  1. IMPACT testing
  2. C3 Logix
  3. Baseline testing
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22
Q

MTBI stands for

A

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

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23
Q

evaluation asks
- how injury occurred
- 3 word memory

A

short term memory evaluation

24
Q

evaluation asks
- day of week
- what did you eat for lunch

A

long term memory evaluation

25
Q

evaluation asks
- subtraction from 100 by 7’s
- months of year backward

A

Processing Functions

26
Q

Evaluations (3)

A
  1. short term memory
  2. long term memory
  3. processing functions
  4. balancing testing
27
Q

evaluation asks
- double leg stance
- single leg stance
- tandem or heel to toe

A

balance testing evaluation

28
Q

If team physician not present

A

remove from all activities

29
Q

If concussion is suspected, do not return them that day

A

observe for a min. of 15 minutes
athletic trainer reevaluates

30
Q

if athlete is completely asymptomatic

A

normal neurological exam including balance testing
perform functional testing

31
Q

If athlete is symptomatic

A

athlete does not return that day & remains in observation
arrange for physician evaluation

32
Q

progessive
- walk
- jog
- sprint
running up/downs
bear crawls
observe for symptoms
- bear crawls
- observe for symptoms
do you feel normal (name)
- if yes, allow return
- if no, hold them

A

Functional Testing

33
Q

walk
jog
sprint

A

progressive

34
Q

Recognize
Remove
Refer
Return

A

Concussion Management

35
Q

train athletes
coaches
parents
school staff

A

recognize of concussion management

36
Q

develop & implement a sound concussion management policy

A

remove - concussion management

37
Q

athlete must be seen by a physicians

A

refer - concussion management policy

38
Q

stepwise progression
(prague guidelines & NATA position statement)

A

Return - concussion management

39
Q

Requirements:
Every school district that competes in interscholastic athletic activity must establish a concussion oversight team (COT)
All suspected head injuries must be evaluated by a physician
A 5-step return-to-play (RTP) protocol
Must obtain a written release by a physician or health care provider prior to an athlete’s RTP

Signed into law May 17, 2011

A

Natasha’s Law (House Bill 2038)

40
Q

Typical recovery for simple head traumas is

A

5-7 weeks

41
Q

Typical recovery for complex head trauma is

A

weeks to years

42
Q

immediate concussion treatment

A

tylenol only for pain
refrain from
- physical activity
- texting & emailing
- playing video games
- watching TV, video
- consider excusing from all academics

43
Q

Physician Evaluation ASAP
- Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3)
Appropriate for persons Age 10 and above
- Admitted or Released
- Transportation Arranged
- Athlete given Head injury Handout
- Athlete instructed to follow-up with their staff athletic trainer daily

A

Diagnosed Concussion

44
Q

appropriate for persons age 10 & above

A

physician evaluation ASAP

45
Q

Symptom Score
Determine athletes best interest depending on symptoms and academic demands
Refer to nutritionist to be placed on DHA Omega 3
- Has been shown to aid the brain tissue
If symptom score is less than 10
Setup IMPACT testing

A

Daily Follow - Up

46
Q

When do athletes become active

A

at or near NO symptoms
at or near return or baseline on IMPACT

47
Q

Light Aerobic Exercise – Goal= Increase Heart Rate
Walking, Stationary Bike, Swimming -70% max
Sport Specific Exercise- Goal= Add Movement
Running Drills, jogging to sprinting
Training Drills- Goal= Add Coordination and Cognitive Function
Up/Downs, Bear Crawls, Pass Catching,

A

Graduated Return to Play

48
Q

Goal= Increase Heart Rate
Walking, Stationary Bike, Swimming -70% max

A

Light Aerobic Exercise

49
Q

Goal= Add Movement
Running Drills, jogging to sprinting

A

Sports specific Exercise

50
Q

Goal= Add Coordination and Cognitive Function
Up/Downs, Bear Crawls, Pass Catching,

A

Training Drills Exercise

51
Q

Walking, Stationary Bike, Swimming -70% max

A

Light aerobic Exercise

52
Q

Running Drills, jogging to sprinting

A

Sport Specific Exercise

53
Q

Up/Downs, Bear Crawls, Pass Catching,

A

Training Drills

54
Q

Athlete is Completely Asymptomatic
Athlete Returns to Baseline on IMPACT
Athlete can accomplish all Return-to-Play activities with NO ONSET of SYMPTOMS
Athlete is referred to physician for final clearance.

A

Final Clearance

55
Q

Upon Medical Clearance:
Athlete is released to coaches for normal training exercises including contact drills if appropriate to restore athletes confidence and to determine if athletes is ready to participate.

A

Ultimate Return-to-Play

56
Q

ecchymosis around the eyes

A

raccoon eyes

57
Q

ecchymosis around the ears

A

Battle’s sign

KINE 318: Athletic Injuries (27 decks)

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